ReviewOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2014
Overrepresentation of multiple birth pregnancies in young infants with four metabolic bone disorders: further evidence that fetal bone loading is a critical determinant of fetal and young infant bone strength.
Review in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Micronutrients in Multiple Pregnancies-The Knowns and Unknowns: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Brief Review on Metabolic Bone Disease.Academic forensic pathology · 2018Review
- Infant abuse diagnosis associated with abusive head trauma criteria: incidence increase due to overdiagnosis?European journal of public health · 2018Article
- Article
- Child abuse: we have problems.Pediatric radiology · 2016Article
- An evidence-based perspective on vitamin D and the growing skeleton.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledThe frequency of multiple birth pregnancies, mostly twin pregnancies, was overrepresented in four different groups of young infants with fractures and bone abnormalities. This finding suggests that fetal bone loading through fetal movement is an important determinant of fetal bone formation and its resultant bone strength.
introductionIt has been suggested that intrauterine confinement related to the multiple birth pregnancy (MBP) may lead to an increased risk for fragility fractures in young infants as a result of decreased fetal bone loading.
methodsTo objectively test this idea, the frequency of MBPs was evaluated in five groups of young infants with bone disorders: (1) infants exposed to prolonged in utero exposure to magnesium, (2) infants with dietary copper deficiency, (3) infants with rickets from vitamin D deficiency, (4) infants with temporary brittle bone disease, and (5) infants with multiple unexplained fractures in which child abuse was the most likely diagnosis.
resultsCompared to a control group and controlled for preterm birth, there was a statistically greater frequency of MBPs in each group.
conclusionsThe results of this study suggest the following: (a) The overrepresentation of MBPs (95 % twins) in these five groups indicates that fetal bone loading is a critical determinant of fetal bone strength; (b) fetal and young infant bone strength is a multifactorial characteristic; and (c) infants from MBPs are at increased risk for fragility fractures during the first 12 months of life, and thus may be mistakenly diagnosed as victims of child abuse.
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