Trial reportPloS one2014
During the long way to Mars: effects of 520 days of confinement (Mars500) on the assessment of affective stimuli and stage alteration in mood and plasma hormone levels.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- What We Know About Team Dynamics for Long-Distance Space Missions: A Systematic Review of Analog Research.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Pooled it
- Syn III participated in rTMS-modulated emotional rescue in the prefrontal cortex under simulated space composite environment.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Space exploration and lifestyle medicine: a narrative review of its implications for astronaut health and remote Earth-based environments.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Cognitive performance in ISS astronauts on 6-month low earth orbit missions.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Team Self-Maintenance during Long-Duration Space Exploration: A Conceptual Framework.Human factors · 2023Article
- Integrating bioinformatic strategies in spatial life science research.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2022Review
- Isolation and confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons for human spaceflight.Acta astronautica · 2022Article
- Review
- Confinement induces oxidative damage and synaptic dysfunction in mice.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Defining the resilience of the human salivary microbiota by a 520-day longitudinal study in a confined environment: the Mars500 mission.Microbiome · 2021Article
- How Experiences Affect Psychological Responses During Supervised Fasting: A Preliminary Study.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- A GABAergic neural circuit in the ventromedial hypothalamus mediates chronic stress-induced bone loss.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Human Adaptations to Multiday Saturation on NASA NEEMO.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Personalized Epigenome Remodeling Under Biochemical and Psychological Changes During Long-Term Isolation Environment.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Multi-System Adaptation to Confinement During the 180-Day Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) Experiment.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Body composition and metabolic changes during a 520-day mission simulation to Mars.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2018Article
- Evaluation of psychological stress in confined environments using salivary, skin, and facial image parameters.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Temporal dynamics of the gut microbiota in people sharing a confined environment, a 520-day ground-based space simulation, MARS500.Microbiome · 2017Article
- Existential risks: exploring a robust risk reduction strategy.Science and engineering ethics · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For future interplanetary manned spaceflight, mental issues, as well as physiological problems, must inevitably be considered and solved. Mars500 is a high-fidelity ground simulation experiment that involved 520 days of confined isolation for six multinational crewmembers. This experiment provided a good opportunity to perform psycho-physiological and psycho-social researches on such missions. To investigate emotional responses and psychological adaptation over long-term confinement, the International Affective Pictures System (IAPS) was selected as the visual emotional stimuli in this study. Additional data collected and analyzed included the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire and the levels of four types of plasma hormones: cortisol, 5-hydroxy tryptamine, dopamine, and norepinephrine. The results demonstrated an obvious bias on valence rating for unpleasant stimuli with time (p<0.05), and the correlation between psychological and biochemical data was identified (p<0.05). Overall, we concluded that the confined crew tended to assign positive ratings to negative pictures with time, which might be driven by a defensive system. There was a stage-changing pattern of psychological adaptation of the Mars500 crew, which is similar to the third-quarter phenomenon.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.