ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2014
Nerves supplying the internal anal sphincter: an immunohistochemical study using donated elderly cadavers.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04063293 (The Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma Injection Into the Anal Sphincters on Fecal Incontinence and Quality of Life in Incontinent Patients Had Treated With Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma Injection Into the Anal Sphincters on Fecal Incontinence and Quality of Life in Incontinent Patients Had Treated With Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surgeons' assessment of internal anal sphincter nerve supply during TaTME - inbetween expectations and reality.Minimally invasive therapy & allied technologies : MITAT : official journal of the Society for Minimally Invasive Therapy · 2016Trial
- Impact of low anterior resection syndrome after rectal surgery on sleep quality.Surgery today · 2025Article
- Review
- Clinical Management of Low Anterior Resection Syndrome: Review of the Current Diagnosis and Treatment.Cancers · 2023Review
- Can I control my bowel symptoms myself? The experience of controlling defaecation dysfunction among patients with rectal cancer after sphincter-saving surgery: a qualitative study.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2022Article
- Lumbar nerve root biopsy with fascicle dissection and functional mapping: how I do it.Acta neurochirurgica · 2022Article
- A missing distal complex of the external and internal anal sphincters: a macroscopic and histologic study using Japanese and German elderly cadavers.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2021Article
- Re-exploring the pelvic neuroanatomy from a new perspective and a potential guidance for TaTME: a "bottom-up" approach.Updates in surgery · 2021Article
- Optimising functional outcomes in rectal cancer surgery.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2021Review
- Low Anterior Resection Syndrome.Current gastroenterology reports · 2020Review
- Etiology and management of low anterior resection syndrome based on the normal defecation mechanism.Surgery today · 2019Review
- Innervation of the entire internal anal sphincter in a mouse model of Hirschsprung's disease: a first report.Pediatric surgery international · 2019Article
- Anatomical basis of the coordination between smooth and striated urethral and anal sphincters: loops of regulation between inferior hypogastric plexus and pudendal nerve. Immuno-histological study with 3D reconstruction.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2016Article
- Macrophage density in pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles greatly exceeds that in other striated muscles: an immunohistochemical study using elderly human cadavers.Anatomy & cell biology · 2016Article
- Low Anterior Resection Syndrome: Current Management and Future Directions.Clinics in colon and rectal surgery · 2016Review
- Three Gaseous Neurotransmitters, Nitric oxide, Carbon Monoxide, and Hydrogen Sulfide, Are Involved in the Neurogenic Relaxation Responses of the Porcine Internal Anal Sphincter.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2016Article
- Topography of the extrinsic internal anal sphincter nerve supply during laparoscopic-assisted TAMIS TME: five key zones of risk from the surgeons' view.International journal of colorectal disease · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeNerves serving the internal anal sphincter (NIAS) have been described as the lower rectal branches of the pelvic autonomic nerve plexus. However, their topographical anatomy and fiber components have remained unclear.
methodsUsing histological sections from ten elderly donated cadavers, we investigated the topographical anatomy and composite fibers of the NIAS using immunohistochemistry for S100 protein, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).
resultsAt the 2-3 o'clock position in the lower rectum, the NIAS originated from nerves at the posterolateral corner of the prostate in males or in the lower paracolpium in females. The nerves ran inferiorly along the internal aspect of the levator ani muscle, and joined branches of the myenteric plexus at a level slightly above the epithelial junction. The NIAS contained both nNOS-positive parasympathetic nerve fibers and TH-positive sympathetic fibers, but VIP-positive fibers were few in number.
conclusionsThe origin of the NIAS at the posterolateral corner of the prostate as well as in the lower paracolpium might be sacrificed or damaged during radical prostatectomy or tension-free vaginal tape insertion. Low anterior resection of rectal cancer will most likely render damage to the NIAS because of its intersphincteric course. Although the nerve composition of the NIAS is characterized by a higher proportion of sympathetic nerve fibers than the myenteric plexus in the large intestine, their role is unclear. However, evaluation of sphincteric function after surgery would appear to be difficult because of the complex control mechanism independent of nerve supply.
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