ArticlePloS one2014
5-Azacytidine enhances the radiosensitivity of CNE2 and SUNE1 cells in vitro and in vivo possibly by altering DNA methylation.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanism-guided radiosensitization strategies for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Current evidence and translational perspectives (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- 5-Azacytidine treatment inhibits the development of lung cancer models via epigenetic reprogramming and activation of cellular pathways with anti-tumor activity.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2024Article
- Targeting the crosstalk of epigenetic modifications and immune evasion in nasopharyngeal cancer.Cell biology and toxicology · 2023Review
- Precision medicine in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comprehensive review of past, present, and future prospect.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Epigenetic regulation of RARB overcomes the radio-resistance of colorectal carcinoma cells via cancer stem cells.Journal of radiation research · 2023Article
- Article
- TMEM130 regulates cell migration through DNA methylation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2022Article
- Effect of Shengmai Yin on the DNA methylation status of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell and its radioresistant strains.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2021Article
- Design and synthesis of water-soluble grifolin prodrugs for DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) down-regulation.RSC advances · 2021Article
- Methylation-associated silencing of miR-9-1 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and glycolysis via HK2.Cancer science · 2021Article
- Promoter Hypermethylation of Tumor Suppressor Genes Located on Short Arm of the Chromosome 3 as Potential Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Targeting the signaling in Epstein-Barr virus-associated diseases: mechanism, regulation, and clinical study.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Review
- Aberrant methylation of GADD45A is associated with decreased radiosensitivity in cervical cancer through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Oncology letters · 2021Article
- Radiation-Induced DNMT3B Promotes Radioresistance in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma through Methylation of p53 and p21.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2020Article
- DNA methylation changes following DNA damage in prostate cancer cells.Epigenetics · 2019Article
- The pivotal role of DNA methylation in the radio-sensitivity of tumor radiotherapy.Cancer medicine · 2018Review
- DNA Methylation in Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesis: Experimental Evidence and Clinical Perspectives.Critical reviews in oncogenesis · 2018Review
- Candidate tumor suppressor ZNF154 suppresses invasion and metastasis in NPC by inhibiting the EMT via Wnt/β-catenin signalling.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Effects of ionizing radiation on DNA methylation: from experimental biology to clinical applications.International journal of radiation biology · 2017Review
- Genistein mediates the selective radiosensitizing effect in NSCLC A549 cells via inhibiting methylation of the keap1 gene promoter region.Oncotarget · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The radioresistance of tumor cells remains a major cause of treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recently, several reports have highlighted the importance of epigenetic changes in radiation-induced responses. Here, we investigated whether the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) enhances the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. The NPC cell lines CNE2 and SUNE1 were treated with 1 μmol/L 5-azaC for 24 h before irradiation (IR); clonogenic survival was then assessed. Tumor growth was investigated in a mouse xenograft model in vivo. The apoptosis, cell cycle progression and DNA damage repair were examined using flow cytometry, immunofluorescent staining and western blotting. Promoter methylation and the expression of four genes epigenetically silenced during the development of NPC were evaluated by pyrosequencing and real-time PCR. We found that pretreatment with 5-azaC significantly decreased clonogenic survival after IR compared to IR alone; the sensitivity-enhancement ratio of 5-azaC was 1.4 and 1.2 for CNE2 and SUNE1 cells, respectively. The combined administration of 5-azaC and IR significantly inhibited tumor growth in the mouse xenograft model, and enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in vitro compared to 5-azaC alone or IR alone. 5-AzaC also decreased promoter methylation and upregulated the expression of genes which are epigenetically silenced both in vitro and in vivo in NPC. Thus, 5-azaC enhance the radiosensitivity of both the CNE2 and SUNE1 cell lines, possibly by altering DNA methylation levels and increasing the ability of irradiated cells to undergo apoptosis. The use of 5-azaC combined with IR maybe represent an attractive strategy for the treatment of NPC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.