ArticleEpidemiology and infection2014
Approaches to the detection of very small, common, and easily missed outbreaks that together contribute substantially to human Cryptosporidium infection.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- A review and analysis of cryptosporidiosis outbreaks in New Zealand.Parasitology · 2023Review
- Cluster detection with random neighbourhood covering: Application to invasive Group A Streptococcal disease.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- NMR metabolomics reveals effects ofGut pathogens · 2019Article
- Comparison of three cryptosporidiosis outbreaks in Western Australia: 2003, 2007 and 2011.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Article
- Foodborne parasites: Outbreaks and outbreak investigations. A meeting report from the European network for foodborne parasites (Euro-FBP).Food and waterborne parasitology · 2018Article
- Partial Failure of Milk Pasteurization as a Risk for the Transmission of Campylobacter From Cattle to Humans.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Water supply-associated cryptosporidiosis outbreaks have decreased in England since the application of risk reduction measures to public water supplies. We hypothesized that smaller outbreaks were occurring which could be better detected by enhanced surveillance. Rolling analysis of detailed questionnaire data was applied prospectively in a population of 2·2 million in the south of England in 2009 and 2010. Detection of spatiotemporal clusters using SaTScan was later undertaken retrospectively. Together these approaches identified eight outbreaks, compared to an expectation of less than one based on national surveillance data. These outbreaks were small and associated with swimming pool use or, less commonly, direct (e.g. petting-farm) contact with animals. These findings suggest that frequent small-scale transmission in swimming pools is an important contributor to disease burden. Identification of swimming pool-level risk factors may inform preventative measures. These findings and the approaches described may be applicable to many other populations and to some other diseases.
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Registered trials
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