Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24688759›Full record

ReviewTherapeutic advances in psychopharmacology2014

Ketamine as the prototype glutamatergic antidepressant: pharmacodynamic actions, and a systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy.

Caroline Caddy, Giovanni Giaroli, Thomas P White, Sukhwinder S Shergill, Derek K Tracy

3 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 56 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
17.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03666494 phase4unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Ketamine Co-induction for Patients With Major Depressive Disorder; a Randomized Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of SaskatchewanRan2018 to 2019Enrolled50ConditionsKetamine, Depression, AnesthesiaArmsKetamine Hydrochloride, Propofol, Fentanyl
NCT04234776 phase4unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Intramuscular Ketamine Versus Escitalopram and Aripiprazole in Acute and Maintenance Treatment of Patients With Treatment-resistant Depression

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Sao PauloRan2018 to 2021Enrolled88ConditionsDepressive DisorderArmsKetamine, Cognition, Suicide risk, Depression thoughts, Quality of life and disability
NCT05357040 phase2withdrawnnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Evaluation of the Antidepressant Effects of Nitrous Oxide in People With Major Depressive Disorder

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of ChicagoRan2021 to 2026Enrolled0ConditionsMajor Depressive Disorder, Treatment Resistant DepressionArmsNitrous oxide gas for inhalation, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Temporal Dynamics of Antidepressant Ketamine Effects on Glutamine Cycling Follow Regional Fingerprints of AMPA and NMDA Receptor Densities.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2017
    Trial
  12. Article
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  18. Ketamine treatment for depression: a review.Discover mental health · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Caroline CaddyCognition Schizophrenia and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK.
Giovanni GiaroliCognition Schizophrenia and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK and North East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Thomas P WhiteCognition Schizophrenia and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK.
Sukhwinder S ShergillCognition Schizophrenia and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Derek K TracyConsultant Psychiatrist, Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust, Princess Royal University Hospital, Orpington, BR6 8NY, UK and Cognition Schizophrenia and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies, the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK.
King's College London · GBEast London NHS Foundation Trust · GBOxleas NHS Foundation Trust · GBSouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G0901868
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The burden of depressive disorders and the frequent inadequacy of their current pharmacological treatments are well established. The anaesthetic and hallucinogenic drug ketamine has provoked much interest over the past decade or so as an extremely rapidly acting antidepressant that does not modify 'classical' monoaminergic receptors. Current evidence has shown several ways through which it might exert therapeutic antidepressant actions: blockade of glutamatergic NMDA receptors and relative upregulation of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) subtypes may alter cortical connectivity patterns; through intracellular changes in protein expression, including the proteins mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF); and alteration of intracellular signalling cascades. The clinical evidence demonstrates rapid improvements in mood and suicidal thinking in most participants, although study numbers have generally been small and many trials are unblinded and methodologically weak. There is a small body of work to suggest ketamine might also augment electroconvulsive therapy and potentially have a role as a surgical anaesthetic in depressed patients. A major problem is that the effects of ketamine appear temporary, disappearing after days to weeks (although longer benefits have been sustained in some), and attempts to circumvent this through pharmacological augmentation have been disappointing thus far. These exciting data are providing new insights into neurobiological models of depression, and potentially opening up a new class of antidepressants, but there are significant practical and ethical issues about any future mainstream clinical role it might have.

Indexed as

antidepressantglutamatergicketamine

Identifiers

PMID24688759
PMCPMC3952483
OpenAlexW2154349372

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.