ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2014
Abnormal weight gain and gut microbiota modifications are side effects of long-term doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine treatment.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between systemic lupus erythematosus and disruption of gut microbiota: a meta-analysis.Lupus science & medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Hydroxychloroquine in IgA nephropathy: a systematic review.Renal failure · 2021Pooled it
- Recent Clinical and Preclinical Studies of Hydroxychloroquine on RNA Viruses and Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- Exploring the oncogenic potential of SARS-CoV-2 in the gastrointestinal tract.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Hydroxychloroquine: A double‑edged sword (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Biomolecular Actions by Intestinal Endotoxemia in Metabolic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Adipose-specific overexpression of human AGPAT2 in mice causes increased adiposity and mild hepatic dysfunction.iScience · 2024Article
- Retraction: Development and Validation of a Microarray for the Investigation of the CAZymes Encoded by the Human Gut Microbiome.PloS one · 2024Article
- Causal relationship between gut microbiota and rosacea: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Association of SARS-CoV-2 and Polypharmacy with Gut-Lung Axis: From Pathogenesis to Treatment.ACS omega · 2022Review
- An Engineered λ Phage Enables Enhanced and Strain-Specific Killing of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Effect of Doxycycline in Decreasing the Severity ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Role of Diet in Influencing the Diversity of Gut Microbiome Related to Lupus Disease Activities: A Systematic Review.International journal of microbiology · 2022Review
- Profiling the Effects of Systemic Antibiotics for Acne, Including the Narrow-Spectrum Antibiotic Sarecycline, on the Human Gut Microbiota.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Do Antibiotics Cause Obesity Through Long-term Alterations in the Gut Microbiome? A Review of Current Evidence.Current obesity reports · 2021Review
- Changes in Gut Microbiota Induced by Doxycycline Influence in Vascular Function and Development of Hypertension in DOCA-Salt Rats.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Gut Microbiota in Military International Travelers with Doxycycline Malaria Prophylaxis: Towards the Risk of a Simpson Paradox in the Human Microbiome Field.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Gastrointestinal mucosal immunity and COVID-19.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- The Impact of Long-Term Antibiotic Therapy of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to EGFR Inhibitors in Colorectal Cancer Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2024-01-04Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare · Investigation by Company/Institution · Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance · Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s) ·
- Expression of concern · 2022-09-07Investigation by Company/Institution · Updated to Retraction ·
- Expression of concern
- Retracted
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Doxycycline has been proposed for the treatment of malnourished children in developing countries, and its use has been associated with weight gain in healthy volunteers. No previous studies have assessed abnormal weight gain as a putative side effect of long-term doxycycline treatment; thus, the objective of the present study was to characterize this phenomenon. We also analyzed the role of the gut microbiota in this effect. We assessed changes in the body mass index in Q fever endocarditis patients treated with doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine and healthy individuals with no antibiotic treatment. Abnormal weight gain was defined as a gain in weight above that of the controls. The fecal samples were examined using molecular assays for Methanobrevibacter smithii, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus reuteri, and total bacterial concentrations. We examined 82 patients, including 48 patients with Q fever endocarditis and 34 controls. Approximately 23% of the treated patients showed abnormal weight gain (P = 0.001). Patients treated with doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine presented significantly lower concentrations of Bacteroidetes (P = 0.002), Firmicutes (P = 0.01), and Lactobacillus (P = 0.02). The linear regression analysis revealed that the duration of treatment was significantly associated with a decrease in Bacteroidetes (P = 0.0001), Firmicutes (P = 0.002), and total bacteria (P < 0.00001). Abnormal weight gain is a side effect of long-term doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine treatment. Gut microbiota modifications at the phylum level could play an instrumental role in this effect. We highlight the need for specific nutritional care in patients undergoing long-term antibiotic treatment, particularly treatment involving the use of doxycycline.
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Registered trials
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