Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24686569›Full record

ArticleMetallomics : integrated biometal science2014

Native SDS-PAGE: high resolution electrophoretic separation of proteins with retention of native properties including bound metal ions.

Andrew B Nowakowski, William J Wobig, David H Petering

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Metallomics : integrated biometal science, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 184 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Regulatory Guidelines for the Analysis of Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins.Journal of peptide science : an official publication of the European Peptide Society · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Andrew B NowakowskiDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210 N Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA. petering@uwm.edu.
William J Wobig
David H Petering
University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee · US

Funding

Pilot Project ProgramP30ES004184 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MILWAUKEE · PI PETERING, DAVID HAROLD · 1987 to 2015
$11.8M
Fluorescent Cellular Zinc Sensors. What Are They Imaging?R01GM085114 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MILWAUKEE · PI PETERING, DAVID HAROLD · 2008 to 2011
$1.1M
NIEHS NIH HHS ES-04184NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES004184NIGMS NIH HHS GM-85114NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM085114
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is commonly used to obtain high resolution separation of complex mixtures of proteins. The method initially denatures the proteins that will undergo electrophoresis. Although covalent structural features of resolved proteins can be determined with SDS-PAGE, functional properties are destroyed, including the presence of non-covalently bound metal ions. To address this shortcoming, blue-native (BN)-PAGE has been introduced. This method retains functional properties but at the cost of protein resolving power. To address the need for a high resolution PAGE method that results in the separation of native proteins, experiments tested the impact of changing the conditions of SDS-PAGE on the quality of protein separation and retention of functional properties. Removal of SDS and EDTA from the sample buffer together with omission of a heating step had no effect on the results of PAGE. Reduction of SDS in the running buffer from 0.1% to 0.0375% together with deletion of EDTA also made little impact on the quality of the electrophoretograms of fractions of pig kidney (LLC-PK1) cell proteome in comparison with that achieved with the SDS-PAGE method. The modified conditions were called native (N)SDS-PAGE. Retention of Zn(2+) bound in proteomic samples increased from 26 to 98% upon shifting from standard to modified conditions. Moreover, seven of nine model enzymes, including four Zn(2+) proteins that were subjected to NSDS-PAGE retained activity. All nine were active in BN-PAGE, whereas all underwent denaturation during SDS-PAGE. Metal retention after electrophoresis was additionally confirmed using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and in-gel Zn-protein staining using the fluorophore TSQ.

Indexed as

AnimalsLLC-PK1 CellsMass SpectrometryMetalloproteinsMetalsNative Polyacrylamide Gel ElectrophoresisProteomeSwineMetalloproteinsMetalsProteome

Identifiers

PMID24686569
PMCPMC4517606
OpenAlexW2147985973

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.