Observational studyBMC neurology2014
Changes in cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma levels of IGF-II and its binding proteins in Alzheimer's disease: an observational study.
Observational study in BMC neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Insulin-like Growth Factor Family as a Potential Peripheral Biomarker in Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Risk of prevalent and incident dementia associated with insulin-like growth factor and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3.Molecular psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- Circulating insulin-like growth factors and Alzheimer disease: A mendelian randomization study.Neurology · 2018Pooled it
- Circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 level in Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Astrocytic Igfbp2 Promotes Spontaneous Seizures in a Mouse Model of Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.Glia · 2026Article
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 Reverses Synaptic and Cognitive Deficits in Fetal Growth Restriction Mice.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- The IGF System and Aging.Endocrine reviews · 2025Review
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Strategies.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- State of the Science on Brain Insulin Resistance and Cognitive Decline Due to Alzheimer's Disease.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 in at-risk adults and autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer brains.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Protein Plasma Levels of the IGF Signalling System Are Altered in Major Depressive Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- IGF2 in memory, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases.Trends in neurosciences · 2023Review
- Insulin-like growth factor-2 is a promising candidate for the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Review
- Blood-Based Proteomic Profiling Identifies Potential Biomarker Candidates and Pathogenic Pathways in Dementia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Targeting Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in Management of Neurological Disorders.Neurotoxicity research · 2022Review
- Effects of age, amyloid, sex, andAlzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II and Ischemic Stroke-A Prospective Observational Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 As a Possible Neuroprotective Agent and Memory Enhancer-Its Comparative Expression, Processing and Signaling in Mammalian CNS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Circulating IGFBP-2: a novel biomarker for incident dementia.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-related system is implicated in neuroregeneration and cell repair, as well as regulating lifespan. IGF-II, one component of this system, has also been found to affect memory functions in a rat model. In this study we explored changes in the IGF-related system in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), including changes in IGF-II levels.
methodsWe measured blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 in 72 healthy controls and 92 patients with AD.
resultsWe found significantly lower blood plasma levels of IGF-II and IGFBP-3 in patients with AD, compared with controls. The levels of IGF-II and IGFBP-2 were significantly elevated in the CSF from patients with AD. We also found correlations between established CSF biomarkers for AD (tau and P-tau) and components of the IGF system.
conclusionsCSF and blood plasma levels of IGF-II and some of its binding proteins are changed in patients with AD. Further investigation into this area may unravel important clues to the nature of this disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.