ReviewTrends in microbiology2014
Anthrax lethal and edema toxins in anthrax pathogenesis.
Review in Trends in microbiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 212 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ultrapotent neutralization of Bacillus anthracis toxin by a human antibody via blockade of PA oligomerization.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Host-Pathogen Interaction as a Driver of Cellular Senescence: Microbial Triggers and Host Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Anthrax toxins exacerbate sepsis-induced coagulopathy and endothelial dysfunction in a baboon model of anthrax.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2026Article
- Genomic adaptability and virulence of Bacillus anthracis: a machine learning-based pan-genome and comparative analysis.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Anthrax ET activates Rac1 and RTK signaling to induce F-actin reorganization and endothelial permeability.iScience · 2025Article
- Machine Learning-Based Characterization ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bispecific antibody engineered from two non-protective antibodies confers full protection against anthrax toxin through inhibition of PA83 cleavage.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- ERK pathway reactivation prevents anthrax toxin lethality in mice.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- ATP depletion in anthrax edema toxin pathogenesis.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Review
- Identification of Potential Therapeutic Targets Against Anthrax-Toxin-Induced Liver and Heart Damage.Toxins · 2025Article
- Evolution of specialized toxin arsenals in a bacterial symbiont of arthropods.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Anthrax: A narrative review.New microbes and new infections · 2024Review
- Broad-spectrum inflammasome inhibition by thiomuscimol.Cell death discovery · 2024Article
- Anthrax in Humans, Animals, and the Environment and the One Health Strategies for Anthrax Control.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Strategies of bacterial detection by inflammasomes.Cell chemical biology · 2024Review
- Overview of Bacterial Protein Toxins from Pathogenic Bacteria: Mode of Action and Insights into Evolution.Toxins · 2024Review
- Investigating the Influence ofGenes · 2024Article
- Efficacy of therapeutically administered gepotidacin in a rabbit model of inhalational anthrax.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The pathophysiological effects resulting from many bacterial diseases are caused by exotoxins released by the bacteria. Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming bacterium, is such a pathogen, causing anthrax through a combination of bacterial infection and toxemia. B. anthracis causes natural infection in humans and animals and has been a top bioterrorism concern since the 2001 anthrax attacks in the USA. The exotoxins secreted by B. anthracis use capillary morphogenesis protein 2 (CMG2) as the major toxin receptor and play essential roles in pathogenesis during the entire course of the disease. This review focuses on the activities of anthrax toxins and their roles in initial and late stages of anthrax infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.