ArticleSpringerPlus2013
Expression of phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE6) in human breast cancer cells.
Article in SpringerPlus, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prolonged exposure to artificial light and carcinogenesis: A systematic review of oncostatic mechanisms associated with melatonin pathways.Photochemistry and photobiologyPooled it
- Effects of nucleic acid metabolism on prognosis and immune invasion of triple-negative breast cancer.Genes and immunity · 2026Article
- Article
- PDE10A as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in cancer: insights and challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Cone photoreceptor phosphodiesterase PDE6H inhibition regulates cancer cell growth and metabolism, replicating the dark retina response.Cancer & metabolism · 2024Article
- Identification and validation of an individualized metabolic prognostic signature for predicting the biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer based on the immune microenvironment.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Development of PD3 and PD3-B for PDEδ inhibition to modulate KRAS activity.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2022Article
- The regulatory landscape of retinoblastoma: a pathway analysis perspective.Royal Society open science · 2022Article
- Photoreceptor phosphodiesterase (PDE6): activation and inactivation mechanisms during visual transduction in rods and cones.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2021Review
- Systems biology comprehensive analysis on breast cancer for identification of key gene modules and genes associated with TNM-based clinical stages.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Metabolic and Non-metabolic Roles of Pyruvate Kinase M2 Isoform in Diabetic Retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Aerobic Glycolysis in the Retina: Functional Roles of Pyruvate Kinase Isoforms.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Review
- Germline variants and somatic mutation signatures of breast cancer across populations of African and European ancestry in the US and Nigeria.International journal of cancer · 2019Article
- Article
- The Molecular Organization of Human cGMP Specific Phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE6): Structural Implications of Somatic Mutations in Cancer and Retinitis Pigmentosa.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2019Article
- Identification of metabolism-associated genes and pathways involved in different stages of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2018Article
- Identification of driver genes associated with chemotherapy resistance of Ewing's sarcoma.OncoTargets and therapy · 2018Article
- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: important signaling modulators and therapeutic targets.Oral diseases · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Considerable epidemiological evidence demonstrates a positive association between artificial light at night (LAN) levels and incidence rates of breast cancer, suggesting that exposure to LAN is a risk factor for breast cancer. There is a 30-50% higher risk of breast cancer in the highest LAN exposed countries compared to the lowest LAN countries, and studies showing higher incidence of breast cancer among shift workers exposed to more LAN have led the International Agency for Research on Cancer to classify shift work as a probable human carcinogen. Nevertheless, the means by which light can affect breast cancer is still unknown. In this study we examined established human breast cancer cell lines and patients' primary breast cancer tissues for expression of genetic components of phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE6), a cGMP-specific PDE involved in transduction of the light signal, and previously thought to be selectively expressed in photoreceptors. By microarray analysis we find highly significant expression of mRNA for the PDE6B, PDE6C, and PDE6D genes in both the cell lines and patients' tissues, minimal expression of PDE6A and PDE6G and no expression of PDE6H. Using antibody specific for PDE6β, we find expression of PDE6B protein in a wide range of patients' tissues by immunohistochemistry, and in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Considerable expression of key circadian genes, PERIOD 2, CLOCK, TIMELESS, CRYPTOCHROME 1, and CRYPTOCHROME 2 was also seen in all breast cancer cell lines and all patients' breast cancer tissues. These studies indicate that genes for PDE6 and control of circadian rhythm are expressed in human breast cancer cells and tissues and may play a role in transducing the effects of light on breast cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.