Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24683195›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2014

A novel multivalent, single-domain antibody targeting TcdA and TcdB prevents fulminant Clostridium difficile infection in mice.

Zhiyong Yang, Diane Schmidt, Weilong Liu, Shan Li, Lianfa Shi, Jinliang Sheng, Kevin Chen, Hua Yu, Jacqueline M Tremblay, Xinhua Chen and 6 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Bacterial Infections: A Broad Review of the Field.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Mechanisms ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Immunization Strategies Against Clostridioides difficile.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Structure-guided design of a potentFrontiers in microbiology · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Zhiyong YangDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis.
Diane SchmidtTufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton.
Weilong LiuTufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton.
Shan LiDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis.
Lianfa ShiDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis.
Jinliang ShengDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis.
Kevin ChenDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis.
Hua YuDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis.
Jacqueline M TremblayTufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton.
Xinhua ChenDivision of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Kurt H PiepenbrinkInstitute of Human Virology.
Eric J SundbergInstitute of Human Virology Department of Medicine Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Ciaran P KellyDivision of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Guang BaiDepartment of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School.
Charles B ShoemakerTufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton.
Hanping FengDepartment of Microbial Pathogenesis.
New England Disabled Sports · USHarvard University · USInstitute of Human Virology · NGUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Treatments for Nipah Virus InfectionU54AI057159 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI WHELAN, SEAN PJ · 2003 to 2013
$113.7M
Shigella Live Vector-Based Multivalent VaccineU19AI109776 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI LEVINE, MYRON MAX · 2014 to 2018
$25.4M
Signaling Pathways in Innate ImmunityT32AI095190 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI Stefanie N. Vogel · 2012 to 2026
$4.7M
Development of Vaccines against Clostridium difficile InfectionR01AI088748 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI FENG, HANPING, TZIPORI, SAUL R · 2010 to 2014
$3.1M
Epithelium, dendritic cells, and Clostridium difficile associated colitisR01DK084509 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI FENG, HANPING · 2010 to 2014
$1.7M
Toxemia and systemic disease in Clostridium difficile infectionR56AI099458 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI FENG, HANPING · 2013 to 2013
$388k
GENETICS AND ROLE OF ALGINATE IN P. AERUGINOSA INFECTIONR29AI030050 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · PI GOLDBERG, JOANNA B. · 1991 to 1995
–
NIAID NIH HHS N01 AI030050NIAID NIH HHS N01-AI-30050NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI088748NIAID NIH HHS R01AI088748NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI099458NIAID NIH HHS R56AI99458NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI095190NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI109776NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI057159NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK084509NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK084509
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and associated mortality have increased rapidly worldwide in recent years. Therefore, it is critical to develop new therapies for CDI. In this study, we generated a novel, potently neutralizing, tetravalent, and bispecific antibody composed of 2 heavy-chain-only VH (VHH) binding domains against both TcdA and TcdB (designated "ABA") that reverses fulminant CDI in mice infected with an epidemic 027 strain after a single injection of the antibody. We demonstrated that ABA bound to both toxins simultaneously and displayed a significantly enhanced neutralizing activity both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, ABA was able to broadly neutralize toxins from clinical C. difficile isolates that express both TcdA and TcdB but failed to neutralize the toxin from TcdA(-)TcdB(+) C. difficile strains. This study thus provides a rationale for the development of multivalent VHHs that target both toxins and are broadly neutralizing for treating severe CDI.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, BacterialBacterial ProteinsBacterial ToxinsBinding Sites, AntibodyClostridioides difficileEnterocolitis, PseudomembranousEnterotoxinsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleMiceNeutralization TestsAntibodies, BacterialBacterial ProteinsBacterial ToxinsEnterotoxinstcdA protein, Clostridium difficiletoxB protein, Clostridium difficileantibodyClostridium difficileimmunotherapytoxinsVHH

Identifiers

PMID24683195
PMCPMC4192054
OpenAlexW2115583334

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.