ReviewMolecular medicine reports2014
Association of glycogen synthase kinase-3β with Parkinson's disease (review).
Review in Molecular medicine reports, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Andrographolide: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Lithium as a Potential Senostatic Agent in Central Nervous System Aging and Bipolar Disorder.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Glycogen synthase kinase-3: the master switch driving neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.Archives of toxicology · 2025Review
- Review
- Neural-induced human adipose tissue-derived stem cell secretome exerts neuroprotection against rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease in rats.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Unravelling the Proteinopathic Engagement of α-Synuclein, Tau, and Amyloid Beta in Parkinson's Disease: Mitochondrial Collapse as a Pivotal Driver of Neurodegeneration.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- The dual role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) in neurodegenerative pathologies: interplay between autophagy and disease progression.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Mechanistic Evaluation of miRNAs and Their Targeted Genes in the Pathogenesis and Therapeutics of Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Positive Effects of Argon Inhalation After Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Robust and predictive 3D-QSAR models for predicting the activities of novel oxadiazole derivatives as multifunctional anti-Alzheimer agents.RSC advances · 2024Article
- A Drosophila model for mechanistic investigation of tau protein spread.Disease models & mechanisms · 2024Article
- What Can Inflammation Tell Us about Therapeutic Strategies for Parkinson's Disease?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Common Denominators of Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis and Methamphetamine Abuse.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Potential Neuroprotective Role of Neurotrophin in Traumatic Brain Injury.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- The Role of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β in the Zinc-Mediated Neuroprotective Effect of Metformin in Rats with Glutamate Neurotoxicity.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- Marine-derived Compounds: A Powerful Platform for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Therapeutic potential for KCC2-targeted neurological diseases.The Japanese dental science review · 2023Review
- Role of GSK-3β Inhibitors: New Promises and Opportunities for Alzheimer's Disease.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2023Review
- Punicalagin's Protective Effects on Parkinson's Progression in Socially Isolated and Socialized Rats: Insights into Multifaceted Pathway.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- AZD5438 a GSK-3a/b and CDK inhibitor is antiapoptotic modulates mitochondrial activity and protects human neurons from mitochondrial toxins.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a pleiotropic serine/threonine protein kinase found in almost all eukaryotes. It is structurally highly conserved and has been identified as a multifaceted enzyme affecting a wide range of biological functions, including gene expression and cellular processes. There are two closely related isoforms of GSK-3; GSK-3α and GSK-3β. The latter appears to play crucial roles in regulating the pathogenesis of diverse diseases, including neurodegenerative disease. The present review focuses on the involvement of this protein in Parkinson's disease (PD), a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the gradually progressive and selective loss of dopaminergic neurons, and by intracellular inclusions known as Lewy bodies (LBs) expressed in surviving neurons of the substantia nigra (SN). GSK-3β is involved in multiple signaling pathways and has several phosphorylation targets. Numerous apoptotic conditions can be facilitated by the GSK-3β signaling pathways. Studies have shown that GSK-3β inhibition protects the dopaminergic neurons from various stress-induced injuries, indicating the involvement of GSK-3β in PD pathogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of the protective effect of GSK-3β inhibition on dopaminergic neurons in PD is not completely understood. Multiple pathological events have been recognized to be responsible for the loss of dopaminergic neurons in PD, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, protein aggregation and neuroinflammation. The present review stresses the regulatory roles of GSK-3β in these events and in dopaminergic neuron degeneration, in an attempt to gain an improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms and to provide a potential effective therapeutic target for PD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.