ArticleAIDS (London, England)2014
The undiagnosed HIV epidemic in France and its implications for HIV screening strategies.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of models used to estimate undiagnosed HIV prevalence in high-income low-prevalence countries and territories.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- HIV testing within general practices in Europe: a mixed-methods systematic review.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- The impact of nurse-driven targeted HIV screening in 8 emergency departments: study protocol for the DICI-VIH cluster-randomized two-period crossover trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Potential Risks and Benefits of Low-barrier Access and Monitoring for HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: A Modeling Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Late HIV Presentation Remains High in Korea: 28-Year National Surveillance Trends and the Limits of Inference under Incomplete CD4 Capture, 1998-2025.Infection & chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Electronic medical record alert increases HIV screening rates: the Foch hospital pilot POP-up project.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Factors associated with testing for HIV and hepatitis C among behaviorally vulnerable men in Germany: a cross-sectional analysis upon enrollment into an observational cohort.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Observational
- Development and Evaluation of an HIV-Testing Intervention for Primary Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.JMIR research protocols · 2020Article
- When and why? Timing of post-migration HIV acquisition among sub-Saharan migrants in France.Sexually transmitted infections · 2020Article
- High risk men who have sex with men in Spain are reporting low intentions of actively seeking HIV testing: results from a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Epidemiological profile of individuals diagnosed with HIV: results from the preliminary phase of case-based surveillance in Kenya.AIDS care · 2020Article
- Estimates of the HIV undiagnosed population in Belgium reveals higher prevalence for MSM with foreign nationality and for geographic areas hosting big cities.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Routine HIV testing program in the University Infectious Diseases Centre in Lithuania: a four-year analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Innovative Approach for Enhancing Testing of HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C in the General Population: Protocol for an Acceptability and Feasibility Study (BaroTest 2016).JMIR research protocols · 2018Article
- Behavioural and demographic correlates of undiagnosed HIV infection in a MSM sample recruited in 13 European cities.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Undiagnosed HIV infections among gay and bisexual men increasingly contribute to new infections in Australia.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2018Article
- People living with undiagnosed HIV infection and a low CD4 count: estimates from surveillance data, Italy, 2012 to 2014.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2018Article
- Revealing geographical and population heterogeneity in HIV incidence, undiagnosed HIV prevalence and time to diagnosis to improve prevention and care: estimates for France.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2018Article
- Article
- Modeling HIV-HCV coinfection epidemiology in the direct-acting antiviral era: the road to elimination.BMC medicine · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDescribing the undiagnosed HIV-infected population is essential for guiding HIV screening policy, implementing interventions, and resource planning.
methodsWe used French national HIV surveillance data and a back-calculation approach to estimate the number of undiagnosed HIV-infected individuals in France and the distribution of time since HIV infection among undiagnosed individuals. We also used data on CD4⁺ cell count decline to assess the CD4⁺ cell count distribution among undiagnosed individuals.
resultsWe estimated that 29,000 [95% confidence interval (CI): 24,200-33,900] individuals were living with undiagnosed HIV infection at the end of 2010. Of these, 28.7% (95% CI: 27.1-30.4) were infected less than a year ago, 16.4% (95% CI: 15.0-17.8) more than 5 years ago, and 59.6% (95% CI: 59.2-59.8) were eligible for antiretroviral treatment (CD4⁺ cell count less than 500 cells/μl) according to the 2010 French guidelines. Men represented 70.0% of the undiagnosed HIV-infected individuals and had lower CD4⁺ cell counts than women. The numbers of undiagnosed infections in MSM, non-French national heterosexuals, and French national heterosexuals were similar (9200, 9300, 10,000, respectively). However, because of differences in group size, undiagnosed HIV prevalence varied significantly between these groups (2.95, 0.36, 0.03%, respectively; P less than 0.001).
conclusionOur findings suggest that many undiagnosed HIV-infected individuals were eligible for treatment and, thus, lack of HIV diagnosis is a lost chance for them; many more heterosexuals than MSM will need to be tested to find those undiagnosed; and universal screening of men may be cost-effective, especially in the areas most affected by the epidemic, such as the Paris region.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.