ReviewFertility and sterility2014
Effects of hormone therapy on cognition and mood.
Review in Fertility and sterility, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effect of Tibolone treatment on depression, anxiety and mood in women: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Archives of women's mental health · 2025Pooled it
- Menopause and suicide: A systematic review.Women's health (London, England)Pooled it
- Distinct cognitive effects of estrogen and progesterone in menopausal women.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2015Trial
- Sexual Dysfunction in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review and Call for Multidisciplinary Framework.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Women's reproductive mental health: currently available evidence and future directions for research, clinical practice and health policy.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025Article
- Management of women with hirsutism in Kosovo.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2025Article
- Concurrent high-intensity interval training and probiotic supplementation improve associative memory via increase in insulin sensitivity in ovariectomized rats.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
- Evaluations of memory, anxiety, and the growth factor IGF-1R after post-surgical menopause treatment with a highly selective progestin.Behavioural brain research · 2023Article
- Hormone-sleep interactions predict cerebellar connectivity and behavior in aging females.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Role of estrogen in women's Alzheimer's disease risk as modified by APOE.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2023Review
- Associations Between Midlife Menopausal Hormone Therapy Use, Incident Diabetes, and Late Life Memory in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Article
- Association of Hormone Therapy With Depression During Menopause in a Cohort of Danish Women.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- The association of reproductive stage with lobular cerebellar network connectivity across female adulthood.Neurobiology of aging · 2022Article
- Estradiol selectively regulates metabolic substrates across memory systems in models of menopause.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2021Article
- Epigenetic prediction of 17β-estradiol and relationship to trauma-related outcomes in women.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2021Article
- Estrogen, brain structure, and cognition in postmenopausal women.Human brain mapping · 2021Article
- The Role of Estrogen Receptors and Their Signaling across Psychiatric Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Associations between estradiol and testosterone and depressive symptom scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in ovariectomized women: a population-based analysis of NHANES data.Annals of general psychiatry · 2020Article
- Estrogen-Dependent Functional Spine Dynamics in Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons of the Mouse.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019Article
- Impact of sex and reproductive status on memory circuitry structure and function in early midlife using structural covariance analysis.Human brain mapping · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveResults of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS) suggested that hormone therapy (HT) may be detrimental to cognitive health. This article reviews clinical studies that address issues relevant to those results.
designLiterature review. INTERVENTION(S): A search of Pubmed and Web of Science was conducted using the search terms HT and cognition, HT and mood. Clinical and observational studies were selected if they were published after the year 2000. Theories of HT mechanisms of action, pharmacology, biology, and observational and clinical trials are discussed. RESULT(S): Although observational and clinical trials show conflicting findings, methodologic considerations must be acknowledged. HT formulation and dose, route of administration, timing of initiation, length of treatment, and health of participants all contribute to inconsistencies in results. Transdermal estradiol and micronized progesterone administered at time of menopause are generally associated with cognitive and affective benefit. CONCLUSION(S): At the present time, results from existing studies are equivocal regarding the benefits of HT on cognition and affect. Future studies, such as the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS), should address methodologic inconsistencies to provide clearer answers to this important question.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.