ArticleDiabetes2014
Bilirubin and progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: a post hoc analysis of RENAAL with independent replication in IDNT.
Article in Diabetes, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum Total Bilirubin and Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Elevated bilirubin levels and risk of developing chronic kidney disease: a dose-response meta-analysis and systematic review of cohort studies.International urology and nephrology · 2018Pooled it
- Bilirubin levels and kidney function decline: An analysis of clinical trial and real world data.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Serum nonmercaptalbumin to total albumin ratio and bilirubin predict ADL decline in older adults with type 2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Association of Serum Total Bilirubin to Cholesterol Ratio With Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- A Novel Kidney Failure Prediction Model in Individuals With CKD: Impact of Serum Bilirubin Levels.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Temporal alteration of serum bilirubin levels and its renoprotective effects in diabetic kidney disease: exploring the hormonal mechanisms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Association of systemic immune-inflammation index with diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Chinese population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Article
- Serum bilirubin and kidney function: a Mendelian randomization study.Clinical kidney journal · 2022Article
- A simplified prediction model for end-stage kidney disease in patients with diabetes.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Heme-oxygenase and lipid mediators in obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases: Therapeutic implications.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- Association of Serum Total Bilirubin and Uric Acid with Low Glomerular Filtration Rate Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2022Article
- Observational
- Bilirubin is inversely related to diabetic peripheral neuropathy assessed by sural nerve conduction study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2021Article
- Low Albumin, Low Bilirubin, and High Alfa-Fetoprotein Are Associated with a Rapid Renal Function Decline in a Large Population Follow-Up Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Association of serum bilirubin levels with risk of cancer development and total death.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Relationship between serum bilirubin levels, urinary biopyrrin levels, and retinopathy in patients with diabetes.PloS one · 2021Article
- Associations between different bilirubin subtypes and diabetic microvascular complications in middle-aged and elderly individuals.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Article
- Non-urate transporter 1, non-glucose transporter member 9-related renal hypouricemia and acute renal failure accompanied by hyperbilirubinemia after anaerobic exercise: a case report.BMC nephrology · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bilirubin, a potent endogenous antioxidant, was found to protect against the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rodents. In humans, cross-sectional studies found an inverse relation between bilirubin and DN. We prospectively investigated whether bilirubin is associated with progression of DN toward end-stage renal disease (ESRD). To this end, we performed a post hoc analysis in the Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) trial with independent replication in the Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial (IDNT). Subjects with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy with alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and bilirubin levels <1.5 times the upper limit of normal were included. The renal end point was defined as the composite of confirmed doubling of serum creatinine or ESRD. Bilirubin was inversely associated with the renal end point in RENAAL independent of age, sex, race, BMI, smoking, total cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c, treatment, estimated glomerular filtration rate, albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and AST. These results were confirmed in IDNT. This study indicates an independent inverse association of bilirubin with progression of nephropathy in RENAAL and IDNT. These data suggest a protective effect of bilirubin against progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes. The well-established role of bilirubin as an antioxidant is a potential explanation for the findings.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.