ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2014
Association between antibody titers and protection against influenza virus infection within households.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 134 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Trial
- Indirect protection from vaccinating children against influenza in households.Nature communications · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Persistence of Antibodies to Influenza Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase Following One or Two Years of Influenza Vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Trial
- Microneutralization assay titres correlate with protection against seasonal influenza H1N1 and H3N2 in children.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Measuring population immunity against influenza using individual antibody titres: a multicountry, retrospective observational study.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- The roles of pre-season immunity, age, viral shedding, and community exposures in shaping influenza household transmission dynamics.Nature communications · 2026Article
- T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Evaluating the Breadth and Reliability of Influenza Vaccine Protection Indicators: A Secondary Analysis of an Animal Challenge Trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Early epidemiologic and genomic insights from Sierra Leone's first mpox cases, 2025.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Anti-neuraminidase and anti-HA stalk antibodies reduce the susceptibility to and infectivity of influenza A/H3N2 virus.Nature communications · 2025Article
- High-throughput neutralization measurements correlate strongly with evolutionary success of human influenza strains.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Viral correlates of protection and the multifarious interactions of B and T cells.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Risk assessment of 2024 cattle H5N1 using age-stratified serosurveillance data.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment and Prevention of Influenza.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- The Persistence of Cross-Reactive Immunity to Influenza B/Yamagata Neuraminidase Despite the Disappearance of the Lineage: Structural and Serological Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have established that antibody titer measured by the hemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) assay is correlated with protection against influenza virus infection, with an HAI titer of 1:40 generally associated with 50% protection.
methodsWe recruited index cases with confirmed influenza virus infection from outpatient clinics, and followed up their household contacts for 7-10 days to identify secondary infections. Serum samples collected from a subset of household contacts were tested by HAI and microneutralization (MN) assays against prevalent influenza viruses. We analyzed the data using an individual hazard-based transmission model that adjusted for age and vaccination history.
resultsCompared to a reference group with antibody titers <1:10, we found that HAI titers of 1:40 against influenza A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) were associated with 31% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13%-46%) and 31% (CI, 1%-53%) protection against polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed A(H1N1) and A(H3N2) virus infection, respectively, while an MN titer of 1:40 against A(H3N2) was associated with 49% (95% CI, 7%-81%) protection against PCR-confirmed A(H3N2) virus infection.
conclusionsAn HAI titer of 1:40 was associated with substantially less than 50% protection against PCR-confirmed influenza virus infection within households, perhaps because of exposures of greater duration or intensity in that confined setting.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.