ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2014
Effectiveness of influenza vaccine against life-threatening RT-PCR-confirmed influenza illness in US children, 2010-2012.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02979626 (Evaluation of Moderate to Severe Influenza Disease in Children 6 Months to 8 Years in Colorado), which is not on this map. Cited by 66 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Moderate to Severe Influenza Disease in Children 6 Months to 8 Years in Colorado
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Use of Test-negative Controls to Monitor Vaccine Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of Methodology.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2020Pooled it
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness among high-risk groups: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Pooled it
- Potential of the test-negative design for measuring influenza vaccine effectiveness: a systematic review.Expert review of vaccines · 2014Pooled it
- Vaccine hesitancy and influenza beliefs among parents of children requiring a second dose of influenza vaccine in a season: An American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Trial
- Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Prevents Illness and Reduces Healthcare Utilization Across Diverse Geographic Regions During Five Influenza Seasons: A Randomized Clinical Trial.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2020Trial
- Evaluation of Mannose Binding Lectin Gene Variants in Pediatric Influenza Virus-Related Critical Illness.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Atypical Influenza A(H3N2) Activity Patterns in Germany, 2021-2023, and Characterization of Newly Emerged Virus Clades.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Viral and Bacterial Co-Infections in SARS-CoV-2-Positive Individuals in Cyprus 2020-2022.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Increased adherence to influenza vaccination among Palermo family pediatricians: a study on safety and compliance of qLAIV vaccination.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Observational
- Attitudes, motivators, and barriers toward influenza vaccination for children: a study from a conflict-ridden country.Conflict and health · 2024Article
- Trivalent mRNA vaccine-candidate against seasonal flu with cross-specific humoral immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Characteristics and outcome of influenza-associated encephalopathy/encephalitis among children in China.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
- Review
- Vaccine Mandates and Influenza Vaccination During the Pandemic.Pediatrics · 2023Article
- Association of Asthma With Treatments and Outcomes in Children With Critical Influenza.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2023Observational
- Knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and practice toward seasonal influenza and its vaccine: A cross-sectional study from a country of conflict.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Reciprocal relationships among influenza experiences, perceptions, and behavior: Results from a national, longitudinal survey of United States adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Article
- Influenza clinical testing and oseltamivir treatment in hospitalized children with acute respiratory illness, 2015-2016.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Article
- Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Critical Covid-19 in Adolescents.The New England journal of medicine · 2022Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNo studies have examined the effectiveness of influenza vaccine against intensive care unit (ICU) admission associated with influenza virus infection among children.
methodsIn 2010-2011 and 2011-2012, children aged 6 months to 17 years admitted to 21 US pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) with acute severe respiratory illness and testing positive for influenza were enrolled as cases; children who tested negative were PICU controls. Community controls were children without an influenza-related hospitalization, matched to cases by comorbidities and geographic region. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated with logistic regression models.
resultsWe analyzed data from 44 cases, 172 PICU controls, and 93 community controls. Eighteen percent of cases, 31% of PICU controls, and 51% of community controls were fully vaccinated. Compared to unvaccinated children, children who were fully vaccinated were 74% (95% CI, 19% to 91%) or 82% (95% CI, 23% to 96%) less likely to be admitted to a PICU for influenza compared to PICU controls or community controls, respectively. Receipt of 1 dose of vaccine among children for whom 2 doses were recommended was not protective.
conclusionsDuring the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 US influenza seasons, influenza vaccination was associated with a three-quarters reduction in the risk of life-threatening influenza illness in children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.