Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24671080›Full record

SynthesisLancet (London, England)2014

Incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis disease in children: systematic review and global estimates.

Helen E Jenkins, Arielle W Tolman, Courtney M Yuen, Jonathan B Parr, Salmaan Keshavjee, Carlos M Pérez-Vélez, Marcello Pagano, Mercedes C Becerra, Ted Cohen

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Lancet (London, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
148citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
23.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

148 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 311 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pharmacokinetics and Optimal Dosing of Levofloxacin in Children for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Treatment of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis. An Official ATS/CDC/ERS/IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2019
    Guideline
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Pooled it
  12. Pooled it
  13. Pooled it
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Bedaquiline for multidrug-resistant TB in paediatric patients.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2021
    Trial
  19. Trial
  20. Trial

88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Helen E JenkinsDivision of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Arielle W TolmanDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Courtney M YuenDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jonathan B ParrDivision of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Partners In Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Salmaan KeshavjeeDivision of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Partners In Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Carlos M Pérez-VélezPartners In Health, Boston, MA, USA; Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Marcello PaganoDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Mercedes C BecerraDivision of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Partners In Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: mbecerra@post.harvard.edu.
Ted CohenDivision of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USHarvard University · USPartners In Health · USUniversity of Arizona · US

Funding

Understanding and controlling antibiotic resistanceU54GM088558 · NIGMS · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI HANAGE, WILLIAM · 2009 to 2018
$26.4M
Accurate and Efficient Measures for HIV IncidenceR01AI097015 · NIAID · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI PAGANO, MARCELLO · 2012 to 2015
$1.6M
Understanding spatial heterogeneity of drug resistant tuberculosisK01AI102944 · NIAID · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI JENKINS, HELEN E. · 2013 to 2017
$627k
NIAID NIH HHS K01 AI102944NIAID NIH HHS K01AI102944NIAID NIH HHS R01AI 097015NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM088558NIGMS NIH HHS U54GM088558
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMultidrug-resistant tuberculosis threatens to reverse recent reductions in global tuberculosis incidence. Although children younger than 15 years constitute more than 25% of the worldwide population, the global incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis disease in children has never been quantified. We aimed to estimate the regional and global annual incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children.

methodsWe developed two models: one to estimate the setting-specific risk of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among child cases of tuberculosis, and a second to estimate the setting-specific incidence of tuberculosis disease in children. The model for risk of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among children with tuberculosis needed a systematic literature review. We multiplied the setting-specific estimates of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis risk and tuberculosis incidence to estimate regional and global incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis disease in children in 2010.

findingsWe identified 3403 papers, of which 97 studies met inclusion criteria for the systematic review of risk of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. 31 studies reported the risk of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in both children and treatment-naive adults with tuberculosis and were used for evaluation of the linear association between multidrug-resistant disease risk in these two patient groups. We identified that the setting-specific risk of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis was nearly identical in children and treatment-naive adults with tuberculosis, consistent with the assertion that multidrug-resistant disease in both groups reflects the local risk of transmitted multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. After application of these calculated risks, we estimated that around 999,792 (95% CI 937,877-1,055,414) children developed tuberculosis disease in 2010, of whom 31,948 (25,594-38,663) had multidrug-resistant disease.

interpretationOur estimates underscore that many cases of tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis disease are not being detected in children. Future estimates can be refined as more and better tuberculosis data and new diagnostic instruments become available.

fundingUS National Institutes of Health, the Helmut Wolfgang Schumann Fellowship in Preventive Medicine at Harvard Medical School, the Norman E Zinberg Fellowship at Harvard Medical School, and the Doris and Howard Hiatt Residency in Global Health Equity and Internal Medicine at the Brigham and Women's Hospital.

Indexed as

AdolescentChildChild, PreschoolGlobal HealthHumansIncidenceInfantRisk AssessmentTuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant

Identifiers

PMID24671080
PMCPMC4094366
OpenAlexW2140564701

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.