ReviewBMJ open2014
Investments in respiratory infectious disease research 1997-2010: a systematic analysis of UK funding.
Review in BMJ open, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping pneumonia research: A systematic analysis of UK investments and published outputs 1997-2013.EBioMedicine · 2015Pooled it
- Prevalence and covariates of chronic respiratory disorders among middle-aged Bangladeshi people: A rural community-based study.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society · 2025Article
- Global funding for surgical research between 2016 and 2020: content analysis of public and philanthropic investments.The British journal of surgery · 2025Article
- Predictors for detecting chronic respiratory diseases in community surveys: A pilot cross-sectional survey in four South and South East Asian low- and middle-income countries.Journal of global health · 2021Review
- A snapshot of pneumonia research activity and collaboration patterns (2001-2015): a global bibliometric analysis.BMC medical research methodology · 2019Review
- RESPIRE: The National Institute for Health Research's (NIHR) Global Respiratory Health Unit.Journal of global health · 2018Article
- Analysis of the distribution and scholarly output from National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia (NIAA) research grants.Anaesthesia · 2018Article
- Extensive multiplex PCR diagnostics reveal new insights into the epidemiology of viral respiratory infections.Epidemiology and infection · 2016Article
- Research Investments in Global Health: A Systematic Analysis of UK Infectious Disease Research Funding and Global Health Metrics, 1997-2013.EBioMedicine · 2016Article
- Investments in sexually transmitted infection research, 1997-2013: a systematic analysis of funding awarded to UK institutions.Journal of global health · 2015Article
- Who is Funding What in the Fight Against Pneumonia?EBioMedicine · 2015Article
- Systematic analysis of funding awarded for viral hepatitis-related research to institutions in the United Kingdom, 1997-2010.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2015Article
- Article
- Investment in pneumonia and pneumococcal research.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesRespiratory infections are responsible for a large global burden of disease. We assessed the public and philanthropic investments awarded to UK institutions for respiratory infectious disease research to identify areas of underinvestment. We aimed to identify projects and categorise them by pathogen, disease and position along the research and development value chain.
settingThe UK.
participantsInstitutions that host and carry out infectious disease research. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The total amount spent and number of studies with a focus on several different respiratory pathogens or diseases, and to correlate these against the global burden of disease; also the total amount spent and number of studies relating to the type of science, the predominant funder in each category and the mean and median award size.
resultsWe identified 6165 infectious disease studies with a total investment of £2·6 billion. Respiratory research received £419 million (16.1%) across 1192 (19.3%) studies. The Wellcome Trust provided greatest investment (£135.2 million; 32.3%). Tuberculosis received £155 million (37.1%), influenza £80 million (19.1%) and pneumonia £27.8 million (6.6%). Despite high burden, there was relatively little investment in vaccine-preventable diseases including diphtheria (£0.1 million, 0.03%), measles (£5.0 million, 1.2%) and drug-resistant tuberculosis. There were 802 preclinical studies (67.3%) receiving £273 million (65.2%), while implementation research received £81 million (19.3%) across 274 studies (23%). There were comparatively few phase I-IV trials or product development studies. Global health research received £68.3 million (16.3%). Relative investment was strongly correlated with 2010 disease burden.
conclusionsThe UK predominantly funds preclinical science. Tuberculosis is the most studied respiratory disease. The high global burden of pneumonia-related disease warrants greater investment than it has historically received. Other priority areas include antimicrobial resistance (particularly within tuberculosis), economics and proactive investments for emerging infectious threats.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.