ArticleParasites & vectors2014
Parasitic antigens alter macrophage polarization during Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- The dual role of parasites and parasite-derived products in cancer biology: a systematic review ofFrontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- TPx Protein ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Profiling of human IL-22+ T cell clones from patients affected with Schistosoma mansoni: Insights into macrophage regulation and liver fibrosis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- From cercariae to chronic inflammation: understanding schistosome infection and host immune responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- IL-10/STAT5 axis suppresses miR-140 to upregulate B7-H4 expression in RAW264.7 cells.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Oxidative Stress and Cancer Risk in Schistosomiasis.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2024Review
- Hepatic macrophages play critical roles in the establishment and growth of hydatid cysts in the liver during Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- TREM2 expression promotes liver and peritoneal M2 macrophage polarization in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Article
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- Immunological mechanisms involved in macrophage activation and polarization in schistosomiasis.Parasitology · 2023Review
- Pathological Changes in Hepatic Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells inTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- PD-L2 Blockade Exacerbates Liver Lesion in Mice Infected withTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- The local skin cellular immune response determines the clinical outcome of sarcoptic mange in Iberian ibex (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Dynamic changes in human THP-1-derived M1-to-M2 macrophage polarization duringFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Protective effect ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Helminth and Host Crosstalk: New Insight Into Treatment of Obesity and Its Associated Metabolic Syndromes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells inhibit T follicular helper cells during experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Schistosome eggs stimulate reactive oxygen species production to enhance M2 macrophage differentiation and promote hepatic pathology in schistosomiasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Granuloma formation and tissue pathology in Schistosoma japonicum versus Schistosoma mansoni infections.Parasite immunology · 2021Review
- Polarization of intestinal tumour-associated macrophages regulates the development of schistosomal colorectal cancer.Journal of Cancer · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSchistosome eggs are trapped in host liver and elicit severe hepatic granulomatous inflammation, which can lead to periportal fibrosis, portal hypertension, hemorrhage, or even death in the host. It was reported that the macrophage plays an important role in host immune responses to schistosome infection. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by classically activated macrophages (M1 macrophages) is cytotoxic to schistosomula and can prevent hepatic schistosomal fibrosis, while arginase-1 (Arg-1) expressed by alternatively activated macrophages (M2 macrophages) promotes hepatic schistosomal fibrosis. However, the dynamics of macrophage polarization, as well as the possible factors that regulate macrophage polarization, during schistosome infection remain unclear.
methodsWe first analyzed M1 and M2-phenotypic markers of peritoneal macrophages from mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) at indicated time points using flow cytometry (FCM) analysis and real-time PCR. Then we treated peritoneal macrophages from normal mice with schistosome worm antigen (SWA) or schistosome soluble egg antigen (SEA) and determined M1 and M2-phenotypic markers, in order to identify macrophage polarization in responding to schistosomal antigens.
resultsIn this study, we showed that macrophages were preferentially differentiated into the M1 subtype during the acute stage of S. japonicum infection. However, the level of M1 macrophages decreased and M2 macrophages significantly increased during the chronic stage of infection. Furthermore, we showed that SWA favors the generation of M1 macrophages, whereas SEA preferentially promotes M2-polarized phenotype.
conclusionThese findings not only reveal the parasite antigen-driven dynamic changes in macrophage polarization, but also suggest that manipulation of macrophage polarization may be of therapeutic benefit in controlling excessive hepatic granulomas and fibrosis in the host with schistosomiasis.
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