ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2014
Serum cytokine and chemokine profiles in patients with myasthenia gravis.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytokine Profiles in Myasthenia Gravis Subgroups and the Lack of Any Effect of Immunosuppression.Muscle & nerve · 2026Article
- On the road to blood biomarkers in myasthenia gravis (MG): Beyond clinical scales.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2026Review
- Circulating inflammatory proteins as pathogenic mediators and potential therapeutic targets in myasthenia gravis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Serum cytokine profiles in patients with myasthenia gravis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Tocilizumab for the management of corticosteroid-resistant GO combined with OMG: a case series.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Article
- Stereotypic T cell receptor clonotypes in the thymus and peripheral blood of Myasthenia gravis patients.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Circulating Cytokines and Risk of Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Diseases.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2024Article
- Non-coding RNA and its network in the pathogenesis of Myasthenia Gravis.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Review
- The Application Potential of the Regulation of Tregs Function by Irisin in the Prevention and Treatment of Immune-Related Diseases.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Review
- Plasma Myokine Profiles in Patients With AChR- and MuSK-Ab-Positive Myasthenia Gravis.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Article
- Blocking interleukin-23 ameliorates neuromuscular and thymic defects in myasthenia gravis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Therapeutic effect of ofatumumab in patients with myasthenia gravis: immunoregulation of follicular T helper cells and T helper type 17 cells.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Lymphoplasmapheresis versus plasma exchange in severe myasthenia gravis: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Investigation of the Underlying Mechanism of Huangqi-Dangshen for Myasthenia Gravis Treatment via Molecular Docking and Network Pharmacology.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2023Article
- Pharmacotherapy of Generalized Myasthenia Gravis with Special Emphasis on Newer Biologicals.Drugs · 2022Review
- Leflunomide combined with low-dose prednisone inhibits proinflammatory T cells responses in myasthenia gravis patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Immunological signature of patients with thymic epithelial tumors and Good syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Cell Fate Determination of Neoplastic Thymic Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune-mediated inflammatory disease of the neuromuscular junction. Previous studies of animal MG models have suggested important roles of cytokines in MG pathogenesis, but adequate studies on cytokines in human MG are lacking. Using a multiplex suspension array system, we measured the serum levels of 27 cytokines/chemokines in 47 anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive patients with MG and 20 normal controls (NC) to investigate the contribution of cytokines/chemokines toward MG pathogenesis. Correlations between clinical parameters and cytokine/chemokine levels in patients with MG were also examined. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-15 (mean ± standard deviation: 6·85 ± 6·97 pg/ml) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (96·21 ± 71·60 pg/ml) significantly increased, whereas IL-4 levels (3·57 ± 0·86 pg/ml) decreased in patients with MG compared with NC (IL-15: 4·42 ± 1·55 pg/ml; VEGF: 63·51 ± 32·95 pg/ml; IL-4: 4·15 ± 0·81 pg/ml, P < 0·05). In addition, eight cytokines (IL-4, IL-8, IL-15, eotaxin, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, VEGF and IL-1b) were significantly changed among MG patients with thymoma, MG patients without thymoma and NC (P < 0·05). Some cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-15, and VEGF, may play roles in the pathogenesis of MG.
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