ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2014
Immune profiling of pregnant Toxoplasma-infected US and Colombia patients reveals surprising impacts of infection on peripheral blood cytokines.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- The imbalance in the relationship between inflammatory and regulatory cytokines during gestational toxoplasmosis can be harmful to fetuses: A systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Neutrophils at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Agents of Protection or Destruction?American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Review
- Chronic inflammation in pregnant women with latent toxoplasmosis and explanation of discordant results of serological tests for toxoplasmosis.Folia parasitologica · 2025Article
- Beyond schistosomiasis: unraveling co-infections and altered immunity.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Tryptophan metabolism and immune alterations in pregnant Hispanic women with chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2023Article
- Adverse pregnancy outcomes in Toxoplasma gondii seropositive Hispanic women.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2023Article
- Dynamic Immune Profile in French Toxoplasmosis Patients.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- The Impact of LatentMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- TNFα rs1799964 TT genotype may be a susceptibility factor for vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii and clinical signs in newborns from pregnant women with acute toxoplasmosis.Molecular biology reports · 2022Article
- Congenital Toxoplasmosis: The State of the Art.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Review
- IL-1R Regulates Disease Tolerance and Cachexia inJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- A Proinflammatory Immune Response Might DetermineFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Toxoplasma Modulates Signature Pathways of Human Epilepsy, Neurodegeneration & Cancer.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Cytokine signature associated with disease severity in chronic fatigue syndrome patients.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- New paradigms for understanding and step changes in treating active and chronic, persistent apicomplexan infections.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Strain hypothesis of Toxoplasma gondii infection on the outcome of human diseases.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2015Review
- Immune response against toxoplasmosis-some recent updates RH:International journal of immunopathology and pharmacologyReview
- CD8(+) T cells remove cysts of Toxoplasma gondii from the brain mostly by recognizing epitopes commonly expressed by or cross-reactive between type II and type III strains of the parasite.Microbes and infectionArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In North America (NA) and Europe, the majority of toxoplasmosis cases are benign and generally asymptomatic, whereas in South America (SA) toxoplasmosis is associated with much more severe symptoms in adults and congenitally infected children. The reasons for these differences remain unknown; currently, there is little information from patients in either region on how the immune system responds to infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Here, we report the relative abundance of 51 serum cytokines from acute and chronic toxoplasmosis cohorts of pregnant women from the United States, where approximately one-half of clinical isolates are Type II, and Colombia, where clinical isolates are generally "atypical" or Type I-like strains. Surprisingly, the results showed notably lower levels of 23 cytokines in acutely infected patients from the United States, relative to uninfected US controls. In acutely infected Colombian patients, however, only 8 cytokine levels differed detectably with 4 being lower and 4 higher relative to uninfected controls. Strikingly, there were also differences in the cytokine profiles of the chronically infected patients relative to uninfected controls in the US cohort. Hence, Toxoplasma appears to specifically impact levels of circulating cytokines, and our results may partly explain region-specific differences in the clinical spectrum of toxoplasmosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.