ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2014
Airway uric acid is a sensor of inhaled protease allergens and initiates type 2 immune responses in respiratory mucosa.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- SHARPIN restrains IL-33 release by stromal cells to control ILC2 inflammation.Science advances · 2026Article
- Montelukast suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation as a potential prophylactic agent against gout arthritis flares.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2026Article
- Lactobacillus paragasseri LG-1 Alleviates Urticaria-Like Symptoms in Mice via Modulation of Gut Microbiota, Hypoxanthine and Uric Acid.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Maternal Aspartame Exposure Induces Neonatal Pulmonary Metabolic Dysregulation and Redox Imbalance: A Multiomics Investigation of Gut Microbiota-Host Interactions.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025Article
- Association Between Asthma and Gout: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Epithelial-derived cytokines in the pathogenesis of severe asthma.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by allopurinol suppresses HMGB1 secretion and ameliorates experimental asthma.Redox biology · 2024Article
- Natural antibodies drive type 2 immunity in response to damage-associated molecular patterns.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Cholinergic sensing of allergen exposure by airway epithelium promotes type 2 immunity in the lungs.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Life's Essential 8, Life's Simple 7 and the odds of hyperuricaemia: results from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2024Article
- ATP functions as a primary alarmin in allergen-induced type 2 immunity.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2023Review
- Review
- Do advanced glycation end products contribute to food allergy?Frontiers in allergy · 2023Review
- Allergen protease-activated stress granule assembly and gasdermin D fragmentation control interleukin-33 secretion.Nature immunology · 2022Article
- Research Progress of Metabolomics in Asthma.Metabolites · 2021Review
- Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells: Team Players in Regulating Asthma.Annual review of immunology · 2021Article
- Early Events Triggering the Initiation of a Type 2 Immune Response.Trends in immunology · 2021Review
- Inhibition of Both Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 Promotes Epicutaneous Th2 and Th17 Sensitization and Allergic Airway Inflammation on Subsequent Airway Exposure to Protease Allergen in Mice.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2021Article
- Hyperuricemia in Psoriatic Arthritis: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although type 2 immune responses to environmental Ags are thought to play pivotal roles in asthma and allergic airway diseases, the immunological mechanisms that initiate the responses are largely unknown. Many allergens have biologic activities, including enzymatic activities and abilities to engage innate pattern-recognition receptors such as TLR4. In this article, we report that IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin were produced quickly in the lungs of naive mice exposed to cysteine proteases, such as bromelain and papain, as a model for allergens. IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin sensitized naive animals to an innocuous airway Ag OVA, which resulted in production of type 2 cytokines and IgE Ab, and eosinophilic airway inflammation when mice were challenged with the same Ag. Importantly, upon exposure to proteases, uric acid (UA) was rapidly released into the airway lumen, and removal of this endogenous UA by uricase prevented type 2 immune responses. UA promoted secretion of IL-33 by airway epithelial cells in vitro, and administration of UA into the airways of naive animals induced extracellular release of IL-33, followed by both innate and adaptive type 2 immune responses in vivo. Finally, a potent UA synthesis inhibitor, febuxostat, mitigated asthma phenotypes that were caused by repeated exposure to natural airborne allergens. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the development of type 2 immunity to airborne allergens and recognize airway UA as a key player that regulates the process in respiratory mucosa.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.