ArticleDer Nervenarzt2014
[Benzodiazepine hypnotics, zolpidem and zopiclone on private prescriptions: use between 1993 and 2012].
Article in Der Nervenarzt, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eszopiclone for insomnia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- The Role of Private Prescriptions in Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2022Article
- Nonclinical pharmacology of daridorexant: a new dual orexin receptor antagonist for the treatment of insomnia.Psychopharmacology · 2021Review
- Review
- Dependence liability of lormetazepam: are all benzodiazepines equal? The case of the new i.v. lormetazepam for anesthetic procedures.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2020Review
- Prevalence and risk factors of drug-related problems identified in pharmacy-based medication reviews.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2020Article
- Problematic Medication With Benzodiazepines, "Z-drugs", and Opioid Analgesics.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2019Article
- Pregabalin Use Among Users of Illicit Drugs: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Southern Germany.CNS drugs · 2017Article
- Article
- [Pain medication in nursing home residents with and without cancer. Most frequently with metamizole].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2015Article
- The problems of long-term treatment with benzodiazepines and related substances.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivePrevious analyses showed that benzodiazepine hypnotics as well as zolpidem and zopiclone (Z drugs) were increasingly being dispensed on so-called private prescriptions (Privatverordnungen) in Germany. Any doctor can provide private prescriptions for prescription drugs which are fully funded by the patient. This study aimed to analyze the amount of private prescriptions for hypnotics over the last 20 years.
methodsWe compared utilization data from statutory health insurance claims with purchasing statistics from community pharmacies for the years 1993-2012.
resultsFrom 1993 to 2012 purchased packages of hypnotics decreased (from 14.9 to 9.9 million). Benzodiazepines were dispensed less and Z drugs more often. In 2012 zopiclone (4.3 million packages of which 42.7 % were private prescriptions), zolpidem (3.6 million, 57.6 %) and lormetazepam (0.8 million, 57.8 %) were most often prescribed.
conclusionTrends in prescribing Z drugs are particularly noticeable whereby zolpidem was dispensed more often on private prescriptions than zopiclone. This seems to be further evidence for a higher dependence and abuse potential of zolpidem.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.