ReviewNature reviews. Clinical oncology2014
Determining the optimal dose in the development of anticancer agents.
Review in Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 177 citations in OpenAlex.
- CYP3A4*22 Genotype-Guided Dosing of Kinase Inhibitors in Cancer Patients.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2023Pooled it
- A review of factors explaining variability in fentanyl pharmacokinetics; focus on implications for cancer patients.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Pooled it
- Clinical pharmacokinetic characteristics and the food effect of radotinib.Investigational new drugs · 2026Trial
- Surv-CRM-12: A Bayesian phase I/II survival CRM for right-censored toxicity endpoints with competing disease progression.Statistics in medicine · 2022Trial
- Influence of Cow's Milk and Esomeprazole on the Absorption of Erlotinib: A Randomized, Crossover Pharmacokinetic Study in Lung Cancer Patients.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Trial
- Influence of green tea consumption on endoxifen steady-state concentration in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2020Trial
- Relationship Between Sunitinib Pharmacokinetics and Administration Time: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2015Trial
- Neutrophil-guided dosing of anthracycline-cyclophosphamide-containing chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer: a feasibility study.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2015Trial
- Population pharmacokinetic analysis of abiraterone in chemotherapy-naïve and docetaxel-treated patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2014Trial
- Pharmacological considerations for prescribing of small molecule inhibitors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Review
- Radiomodulatory and antioxidant properties of a novel pyrazine-linked quinazolinone sulfonamide derivative: Insights into renal apoptosis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Dual-Biosensor for Five Drugs Detection in Precision Oncology.BioNanoScience · 2026Article
- Drug-drug interactions in targeted cancer therapies: a focus on tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Expert review of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Dose Optimization in Oncology Drug Development: Risk Factors for Postmarketing Requirements and Commitments.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome with curcumin: mechanisms and therapeutic promise in chronic inflammation.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Improving the Dosing Schedules of Targeted Anticancer Agents.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Click-constructed modular signal aptamer chimeras enable receptor-independent degradation of membrane proteins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Osteopontin in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Mechanisms, Biomarker Potential, and Therapeutic Strategies.Biology · 2025Review
- Review
- Combining molecular characteristics and therapeutic analysis of PDOs predict clinical responses and guide PDAC personalized treatment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Identification of the optimal dose remains a key challenge in drug development. For cytotoxic drugs, the standard approach is based on identifying the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in phase I trials and incorporating this to subsequent trials. However, this strategy does not take into account important aspects of clinical pharmacology. For targeted agents, the dose-effect relationships from preclinical studies are less obvious, and it is important to change the way these agents are developed to avoid recommending drug doses for different populations without evidence of differential antitumour effects in different diseases. The use of expanded cohorts in phase I trials to better define MTD and refine dose optimization should be further explored together with a focus on efficacy rather than toxicity-based predictions. Another key consideration in dose optimization is related to interindividual pharmacokinetic variability. High variability in intra-individual pharmacokinetics has been observed for many orally-administered drugs, especially those with low bioavailability, which might complicate identification of dose-effect relationships. End-organ dysfunction, interactions with other prescription drugs, herbal supplements, adherence, and food intake can influence pharmacokinetics. It is important these variables are identified during early clinical trials and considered in the development of further phase II and subsequent large-scale phase III studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.