ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2014
TLR4 ligands lipopolysaccharide and monophosphoryl lipid a differentially regulate effector and memory CD8+ T Cell differentiation.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic variants of TLR4, including the novel variant, rs5030719, and related genes are associated with susceptibility to clinical malaria in African children.Malaria journal · 2023Trial
- Toll like receptor agonist effects on human CD8+ T cell activation and expression of T cell checkpoint receptors.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Systemic inflammation as a central player in the initiation and development of Alzheimer's disease.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Synergistic chemo-immunotherapy for osteosarcoma via a pH-responsive multi-component nanoparticle system.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- CD38 promotes LPS-induced innate-like activation and proliferation of CD8Frontiers in aging · 2025Article
- Ammonia transporter RhBG initiates downstream signaling and functional responses by activating NFκB.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Controlled production of lipopolysaccharides increases immune activation in Salmonella treatments of cancer.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Article
- Influenza viral matrix 1 protein aggravates viral pathogenicity by inducing TLR4-mediated reactive oxygen species production and apoptotic cell death.Cell death & disease · 2023Article
- STAT3 Role in T-Cell Memory Formation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Type I interferons and MAVS signaling are necessary for tissue resident memory CD8+ T cell responses to RSV infection.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Dual agonist immunostimulatory nanoparticles combine with PD1 blockade for curative neoadjuvant immunotherapy of aggressive cancers.Nanoscale · 2022Article
- TGF-β: Many Paths to CD103Cells · 2021Review
- Sustained IL-2R signaling of limited duration by high-dose mIL-2/mCD25 fusion protein amplifies tumor-reactive CD8Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Article
- Monophosphoryl lipid A-induced activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells enhances the anti-cancer effects of anti-PD-L1 antibodies.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Article
- Subunit Vaccines Using TLR Triagonist Combination Adjuvants Provide Protection AgainstFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Article
- Natural and synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccine adjuvants and their mechanisms of action.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2021Review
- Cancer immunotherapy using a polysaccharide fromOncoimmunology · 2020Article
- S100A8 and S100A9 Promote Apoptosis of Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Midbrain microglia mediate a specific immunosuppressive response under inflammatory conditions.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccines formulated with nonreplicating pathogens require adjuvants to help bolster immunogenicity. The role of adjuvants in Ab production has been well studied, but how they influence memory CD8(+) T cell differentiation remains poorly defined. In this study we implemented dendritic cell-mediated immunization to study the effects of commonly used adjuvants, TLR ligands, on effector and memory CD8(+) T cell differentiation in mice. Intriguingly, we found that the TLR4 ligand LPS was far more superior to other TLR ligands in generating memory CD8(+) T cells upon immunization. LPS boosted clonal expansion similar to the other adjuvants, but fewer of the activated CD8(+) T cells died during contraction, generating a larger pool of memory cells. Surprisingly, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), another TLR4 ligand, enhanced clonal expansion of effector CD8(+) T cells, but it also promoted their terminal differentiation and contraction; thus, fewer memory CD8(+) T cells formed, and MPLA-primed animals were less protected against secondary infection compared with those primed with LPS. Furthermore, gene expression profiling revealed that LPS-primed effector cells displayed a stronger pro-memory gene expression signature, whereas the gene expression profile of MPLA-primed effector cells aligned closer with terminal effector CD8(+) T cells. Lastly, we demonstrated that the LPS-TLR4-derived "pro-memory" signals were MyD88, but not Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-β, dependent. This study reveals the influential power of adjuvants on the quantity and quality of CD8(+) T cell memory, and that attention to adjuvant selection is crucial because boosting effector cell expansion may not always equate with more memory T cells or greater protection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.