ArticleHaematologica2014
The clinical significance of patients' sex in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Article in Haematologica, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Indirect Comparison of the Efficacy of Zanubrutinib vs Ibrutinib and Acalabrutinib in Treatment-Naive Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: 6-Year Follow-Up.Advances in therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The prognostic value of additional copies of 1q21 in multiple myeloma depends on the primary genetic event.American journal of hematology · 2020Trial
- Cells, cytokines, chemokines, and cancer stress: A biobehavioral study of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Cancer · 2018Trial
- Influence of gut microbiota on chronic lymphocytic leukemia development and aggressiveness.Gut microbes reports · 2027Article
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Molecular Pathologies and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Beyond XX and XY, Understanding Sex Differences in Leukemia.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Are we ignoring sex differences in haematological malignancies? A call for improved reporting.British journal of haematology · 2025Review
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Investigation of Survival and Prognostic Factors with Drug-Related Remission.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Germinal center trajectories and transcriptional signatures define CLL subtypes and their pathway regulators.PloS one · 2025Article
- First-line therapy for high-risk people with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Article
- Review
- Assessment of ibrutinib scheduling on leukocyte, lymph node size and blood pressure dynamics in chronic lymphocytic leukemia through pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2023Article
- Article
- [Sex-specific differences of special tumor diseases].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Time to relapse in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and DNA-methylation-based biological age.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- Sex Disparities in Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Genotype, Phenotype, and Outcomes.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2023Article
- Sex differences in lymphoma incidence and mortality by subtype: A population-based study.American journal of hematology · 2023Article
- CD73 Promotes Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.Cancers · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We examined the prognostic influence of gender in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Data from four randomized trials (involving 1821 patients) and three registration studies of stage-A disease (involving 1299 patients) were analyzed. Overall survival at 10 years was better for women than men in all trials (27% versus 15%; P=0.0001) and in the registration series (55% versus 43%; P<0.0001). More women than men in the trials were Binet stage A-progressive (26% versus 15%), but gender was an independent predictor of survival in multivariate analysis of clinical variables (P<0.0001). Women responded better to treatment (overall response 83%) than men (71%; P<0.0001), within each stage and age group, although fewer women than men received the full treatment dose (79% versus 85%; P=0.01). Women were more likely than men to experience toxicity (85% versus 78%, P=0.01), particularly gastro-intestinal toxicity (57% versus 42%, P<0.0001). Laboratory markers in the LRF CLL4 trial showed a significantly lower incidence in women than men of unmutated IGHV genes, raised beta-2 microglobulin, CD38 and Zap-70 positivity and TP53 deletions/mutations and/or 11q deletions. We also highlight the higher male:female ratios in randomized trials versus studies of early chronic lymphocytic leukemia and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in women runs a more benign clinical course than in men. Gender was also an independent predictor of response, suggesting that pharmacokinetic differences between the sexes and a possible effect of estrogens may contribute to the better outcome. Understanding the reasons for the different outcome by gender may improve patients' management. (LRF CLL4 controlled-trials.com identifier: ISRCTN58585610).
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