ArticleAnnals of Saudi medicine
Cardiometabolic risk among Saudi children and adolescents: Saudi childrens overweight, obesity, and lifestyles (S.Ch.O.O.Ls) study.
Article in Annals of Saudi medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health of school-age children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2025Review
- A systematic review of obesity burden in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence and associated co-morbidities.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Review
- Increasing Prevalence of Pediatric Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Arab Youth: A Time-Series Study from 2010-2019.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Metabolic Syndrome: Prevalence and Risk Factors among Adolescent Female Intermediate and Secondary Students in Saudi Arabia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Changes in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components as Well as in Relevant Preventive Medication between 2006 and 2018 in the Northeast Hungarian Population.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- The prevalence of pediatric metabolic syndrome-a critical look on the discrepancies between definitions and its clinical importance.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Review
- Diverse etiology of hyperlipidemia among hospitalized children in Western region of Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2017Article
- Prevalence and correlates of overweight status among Saudi school children.Annals of Saudi medicineArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesDiabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are major contributors to the global burden of disease, with a high reported prevalence of risk factors among different populations. Early and efficient assessment of cardiometabolic risk is important to identify target groups for preventive interventions. The aims of Saudi children's overweight, obesity, and lifestyles study were to estimate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and to compare the different paradigms of assessing such risk among children and adolescents. The study was funded by National Guard Health Affairs and approved by the ethics committee. DESIGN AND SETTINGS: A cross-sectional study of students from primary, middle, and secondary schools located in the residential areas for the Saudi National Guard employees in Riyadh.
methodsA random sample of 2149 students, clustered by school and stratified by grade, was selected from a sampling frame of 16 812 students from 10 schools in the residential areas for Saudi National Guard employees. Informed consent was taken from children and parents. Blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference were documented. Fasting blood samples were taken for blood glucose and lipid profile.
resultsThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome ranged from 2% to 18%, according to the sensitivity of the 6 different definitions. Systolic blood pressure and triglycerides-to-HDL (high-density lipoprotein) ratio showed a dose-response increase with the quartiles of waist circumference and body mass index (BMI). Assessment of cardiometabolic risk by diagnosing the metabolic syndrome would lead to missed opportunity of intervention in 94% to 95% of children identified to be in need of intervention by waist circumference and BMI above 75th percentile.
conclusionRelying on the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome can harm primary preventive initiatives. BMI and waist circumference for age should be used for assessing cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents.
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