ArticlePloS one2014
Pregnancy differentially impacts performance of latent tuberculosis diagnostics in a high-burden setting.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03305991 (The Role of Maternal TB Infection for Adverse Pregnancy and Infant Health Outcomes in Ethiopia - a Long-term Prospective Cohort Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Role of Maternal TB Infection for Adverse Pregnancy and Infant Health Outcomes in Ethiopia - a Long-term Prospective Cohort Study
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Latent Tuberculosis in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- The prevalence of tuberculosis infection in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The Indian journal of medical researchPooled it
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific T-Cell Responses Are Impaired During Late Pregnancy With Elevated Biomarkers of Tuberculosis Risk Postpartum.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Tuberculosis preventive therapy in postpartum women with HIV modifiesFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis in Pregnant Women After COVID-19: Features of Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment (Narrative Review).Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Discordance of 3rd and 4th generation QuantiFERON-TB Gold assays by pregnancy stages in India.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2025Article
- DiminishedOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with TB: a retrospective cohort study.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in pregnancy: A systematic review.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Infection of Fetal Membranes with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Tissue Processing to Isolate RNA for Expression Analysis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Comprehension of Calcitriol Levels in Pregnant Women With Latent Tuberculosis and Immune Function in their Newborns.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2024Article
- Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Peripartum Period on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Detection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- HIV/Tuberculosis Coinfection in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Transcriptional Analysis for Tuberculosis in Pregnant Women From the PRegnancy Associated Changes In Tuberculosis Immunology (PRACHITi) Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Diagnostic biomarkers for active tuberculosis: progress and challenges.EMBO molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Tuberculosis Infection in Pregnant People: Current Practices and Research Priorities.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Interferon Gamma Release Assay and Tuberculin Skin Test Performance in Pregnant Women Living With and Without HIV.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2022Article
- Exploring alternative cytokines as potential biomarkers for latent tuberculosis infection in pregnant women.PloS one · 2022Article
- Stages of pregnancy and HIV affect diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-induced immune response: Findings from PRACHITi, a cohort study in Pune, India.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Article
- Longitudinal Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific Interferon Gamma Responses in Ethiopian HIV-Negative Women during Pregnancy and Postpartum.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTargeted screening for latent TB infection (LTBI) in vulnerable populations is a recommended TB control strategy. Pregnant women are at high risk for developing TB and likely to access healthcare, making pregnancy an important screening opportunity in developing countries. The sensitivity of the widely-used tuberculin skin test (TST), however, may be reduced during pregnancy.
methodsWe performed a cross-sectional study comparing the TST with the QuantiFERON Gold In-tube (QGIT) in 401 HIV-negative women presenting antepartum (n = 154), at delivery (n = 148), or postpartum (n = 99) to a government hospital in Pune, India. A subset of 60 women enrolled during pregnancy was followed longitudinally and received both tests at all three stages of pregnancy.
resultsThe QGIT returned significantly more positive results than the TST. Of the 401 women in the cross-sectional study, 150 (37%) had a positive QGIT, compared to 59 (14%) for the TST (p<0.005). Forty-nine (12%) did not have their TST read. Of 356 who had both results available, 46 (13%) were concordant positive, 91 (25%) were discordant (12 (3%) TST+/QGIT-; 79 (22%) TST-/QGIT+), and 206 (57%) concordant negative. Comparison by stage of pregnancy revealed that QGIT percent positivity remained stable between antepartum and delivery, unlike TST results (QGIT 31-32% vs TST 11-17%). Median IFN-γ concentration was lower at delivery than in antepartum or postpartum (1.66 vs 2.65 vs 8.99 IU/mL, p = 0.001). During postpartum, both tests had significantly increased positives (QGIT 31% vs 32% vs 52%, p = 0.01; TST 17% vs 11% vs 25%, p<0.005). The same trends were observed in the longitudinal subset.
conclusionsTiming and choice of LTBI test during pregnancy impact results. QGIT was more stable and more closely approximated the LTBI prevalence in India. But pregnancy stage clearly affects both tests, raising important questions about how the complex immune changes brought on by pregnancy may impact LTBI screening.
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