ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2014
Astrocytic expression of HIV-1 viral protein R in the hippocampus causes chromatolysis, synaptic loss and memory impairment.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory microglia signals drive A1-like polarization of astrocytes even in the presence of HIV-1 Tat.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Epigenetic mechanisms of HIV and opioid-induced neuropathology: Potential therapies and interventions.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Development of a Deep Learning Model for the Analysis of Dorsal Root Ganglion Chromatolysis in Rat Spinal Stenosis.Journal of pain research · 2024Article
- HIV chronicity as a predictor of hippocampal memory deficits in daily cannabis users living with HIV.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2023Article
- Correlation of HIV-Induced Neuroinflammation and Synaptopathy with Impairment of Learning and Memory in Mice with HAND.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- HIV-Proteins-Associated CNS Neurotoxicity, Their Mediators, and Alternative Treatments.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- Alzheimer's-Like Pathology at the Crossroads of HIV-Associated Neurological Disorders.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Emerging Role of Nef in the Development of HIV Associated Neurological Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2021Review
- Article
- The effect of childhood trauma, ApoE genotype and HIV-1 viral protein R variants on change in cognitive performance.BMC research notes · 2019Article
- TGFβRI antagonist inhibits HIV-1 Nef-induced CC chemokine family ligand 2 (CCL2) in the brain and prevents spatial learning impairment.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2019Article
- Article
- Viral Encephalitis and Neurologic Diseases: Focus on Astrocytes.Trends in molecular medicine · 2018Review
- Methamphetamine augment HIV-1 Tat mediated memory deficits by altering the expression of synaptic proteins and neurotrophic factors.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2018Article
- Productive infection of human neural progenitor cells by R5 tropic HIV-1: opiate co-exposure heightens infectivity and functional vulnerability.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Article
- Specific amino acids in HIV-1 Vpr are significantly associated with differences in patient neurocognitive status.Journal of neurovirology · 2017Article
- An Overview of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Associated Common Neurological Complications: Does Aging Pose a Challenge?Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2017Review
- Defining the roles for Vpr in HIV-1-associated neuropathogenesis.Journal of neurovirology · 2016Review
- Characterization of neuropathology in the HIV-1 transgenic rat at different ages.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2016Article
- The Impact of Marijuana Use on Memory in HIV-Infected Patients: A Comprehensive Review of the HIV and Marijuana Literatures.Current drug abuse reviews · 2016Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV-infected individuals are at an increased risk of developing neurological abnormalities. HIV induces neurotoxicity by host cellular factors and individual viral proteins. Some of these proteins including viral protein R (Vpr) promote immune activation and neuronal damage. Vpr is known to contribute to cell death of cultured rat hippocampal neurons and suppresses axonal growth. Behavioral studies are limited and suggest hyperactivity in the presence of Vpr. Thus Vpr may play a role in hippocampal loss of function. The purpose of this study is to determine the ability of HIV-1 Vpr production by astrocytes in the hippocampus to cause neurological deficits and memory impairments.
methodsWe tested the performance of rats in novel object and novel location tasks after hippocampal infusion with astrocytes expressing HIV-1 Vpr. Synaptic injury and morphological changes were measured by synaptophysin immunoreactivity and Nissl staining.
resultsVpr-infused rats showed impaired novel location and novel object recognition compared with control rats expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). This impairment was correlated with a significant decrease in synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the hippocampal CA3 region, suggesting synaptic injury in HIV-1 Vpr-treated animals. In addition, Nissl staining showed morphological changes indicative of neuronal chromatolysis in the Vpr group. The Vpr-induced neuronal damage and synaptic loss suggest that neuronal dysfunction caused the spatial and recognition memory deficits found in the Vpr-infused animals.
conclusionsIn this study, we demonstrate that HIV-1 Vpr produced by astrocytes in the hippocampus impairs hippocampal-dependent learning. The data suggest Vpr is a neurotoxin with the potential to cause learning impairment in HIV-1 infected individuals even under conditions of limited viral replication.
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