Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24653038›Full record

ReviewScience (New York, N.Y.)2014

Virulence and pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection: an evolutionary perspective.

Christophe Fraser, Katrina Lythgoe, Gabriel E Leventhal, George Shirreff, T Déirdre Hollingsworth, Samuel Alizon, Sebastian Bonhoeffer

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 147 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
147citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

147 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  11. Compartmental structure in the secondary lymphoid tissue can slow downJournal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025
    Article
  12. Developmental synchrony and extraordinary multiplication rates in pathogenic organisms.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
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  20. The germ theory revisited: A noncentric view on infection outcome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article

87 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Christophe FraserMedical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Katrina Lythgoe *Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Gabriel E LeventhalInstitute for Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
George ShirreffInstitute for Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
T Déirdre HollingsworthWarwick Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Samuel AlizonLaboratoire MIVEGEC (UMR CNRS 5290, IRD, UM1, UM2), Montpellier, France.
Sebastian Bonhoeffer *Institute for Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Funding

European Research Council 339251Medical Research Council MR/K010174/1Wellcome Trust 091737
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Why some individuals develop AIDS rapidly whereas others remain healthy without treatment for many years remains a central question of HIV research. An evolutionary perspective reveals an apparent conflict between two levels of selection on the virus. On the one hand, there is rapid evolution of the virus in the host, and on the other, new observations indicate the existence of virus factors that affect the virulence of infection whose influence persists over years in infected individuals and across transmission events. Here, we review recent evidence that shows that viral genetic factors play a larger role in modulating disease severity than anticipated. We propose conceptual models that reconcile adaptive evolution at both levels of selection. Evolutionary analysis provides new insight into HIV pathogenesis.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularAdaptation, PhysiologicalHIV-1HIV InfectionsHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansModels, BiologicalSelection, GeneticViral LoadVirulenceVirulence FactorsVirus ReplicationVirulence Factors

Identifiers

PMID24653038
PMCPMC5034889

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.