Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24651296›Full record

ArticlePloS one2014

Electrolyte disorders and in-hospital mortality during prolonged heat periods: a cross-sectional analysis.

Carmen A Pfortmueller, Georg-Christian Funk, Alexander B Leichtle, Georg M Fiedler, Christoph Schwarz, Aristomenis K Exadaktylos, Gregor Lindner

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. The Association of Outdoor Temperature with Severe Hyponatremia.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
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  7. Impact of Hyponatremia on COPD Exacerbation Prognosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
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  12. Article
  13. Increased Risk of Drug-Induced Hyponatremia during High Temperatures.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017
    Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Carmen A PfortmuellerDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Georg-Christian FunkDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Otto Wagner Spital Vienna and Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for COPD and Respiratory Epidemiology, Vienna, Austria.
Alexander B LeichtleCenter for Laboratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Georg M FiedlerCenter for Laboratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Christoph SchwarzDepartment of Nephrology, Landeskrankenhaus Steyr, Steyr, Austria.
Aristomenis K ExadaktylosDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Gregor LindnerDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
University Hospital of Bern · CHLandeskrankenhaus Feldkirch · ATOtto Wagner Hospital · AT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHeat periods during recent years were associated with excess hospitalization and mortality rates, especially in the elderly. We intended to study whether prolonged warmth/heat periods are associated with an increased prevalence of disorders of serum sodium and potassium and an increased hospital mortality.

methodsIn this cross-sectional analysis all patients admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine of a large tertiary care facility between January 2009 and December 2010 with measurements of serum sodium were included. Demographic data along with detailed data on diuretic medication, length of hospital stay and hospital mortality were obtained for all patients. Data on daily temperatures (maximum, mean, minimum) and humidity were retrieved by Meteo Swiss.

resultsA total of 22.239 patients were included in the study. 5 periods with a temperature exceeding 25 °C for 3 to 5 days were noticed and 2 periods with temperatures exceeding 25 °C for more than 5 days were noted. Additionally, 2 periods with 3 to 5 days with daily temperatures exceeding 30 °C were noted during the study period. We found a significantly increased prevalence of hyponatremia during heat periods. However, in the Cox regression analysis, prolonged heat was not associated with the prevalence of disorders of serum sodium or potassium. Admission during a heat period was an independent predictor for hospital mortality.

conclusionsAlthough we found an increased prevalence of hyponatremia during heat periods, no convincing connection could be found for hypernatremia or disorders of serum potassium.

Indexed as

Hospital MortalityHot TemperatureAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesDiureticsDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleHospitalizationHumansHumidityMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceProportional Hazards ModelsDiuretics

Identifiers

PMID24651296
PMCPMC3961302
OpenAlexW2133083030

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.