Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24650225›Full record

ArticleJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2014

Painful, degenerating intervertebral discs up-regulate neurite sprouting and CGRP through nociceptive factors.

Emerson Krock, Derek H Rosenzweig, Anne-Julie Chabot-Doré, Peter Jarzem, Michael H Weber, Jean A Ouellet, Laura S Stone, Lisbet Haglund

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
100citing papers in PubMed
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

100 citing papers in PubMed, 155 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  4. Technical insights and implications of thoracolumbar spine and neural tissue harvesting in recently deceased organ donors: a direct anterior approach integrated into multi-organ procurement protocols.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026
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  8. Stress-response exhaustion in intervertebral disc degeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
    Review
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40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Emerson KrockOrthopeadic Research Laboratory, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; McGill Scoliosis and Spine Research Group, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Derek H Rosenzweig
Anne-Julie Chabot-Doré
Peter Jarzem
Michael H Weber
Jean A Ouellet
Laura S Stone
Lisbet Haglund
McGill University · CAMcGill University Health Centre · CAEdwards (United Kingdom) · GB

Funding

Canadian Institutes of Health Research MOP-119564Canadian Institutes of Health Research MOP-86691
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVD) can result in chronic low back pain, a common cause of morbidity and disability. Inflammation has been associated with IVD degeneration, however the relationship between inflammatory factors and chronic low back pain remains unclear. Furthermore, increased levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are both associated with inflammation and chronic low back pain, but whether degenerating discs release sufficient concentrations of factors that induce nociceptor plasticity remains unclear. Degenerating IVDs from low back pain patients and healthy, painless IVDs from human organ donors were cultured ex vivo. Inflammatory and nociceptive factors released by IVDs into culture media were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and protein arrays. The ability of factors released to induce neurite growth and nociceptive neuropeptide production was investigated. Degenerating discs release increased levels of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, NGF and BDNF. Factors released by degenerating IVDs increased neurite growth and calcitonin gene-related peptide expression, both of which were blocked by anti-NGF treatment. Furthermore, protein arrays found increased levels of 20 inflammatory factors, many of which have nociceptive effects. Our results demonstrate that degenerating and painful human IVDs release increased levels of NGF, inflammatory and nociceptive factors ex vivo that induce neuronal plasticity and may actively diffuse to induce neo-innervation and pain in vivo.

Indexed as

AdultAnimalsApoptosisBlotting, WesternBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideCase-Control StudiesCell ProliferationCells, CulturedCulture Media, ConditionedFemaleHumansInterleukin-1betaIntervertebral Disc DegenerationLow Back PainMaleBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideCulture Media, ConditionedInterleukin-1betaNerve Growth FactorsRNA, MessengerTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaCGRPdiscogenic painhumaninflammatory cytokinesintervertebral disc degenerationnerve growth factor

Identifiers

PMID24650225
PMCPMC4508160
OpenAlexW2094428902

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.