Trial reportBMC pregnancy and childbirth2014
Preconception maternal nutrition: a multi-site randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01883193 (Women First), which is not on this map. Cited by 59 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Women First: Preconception Maternal Nutrition
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Women with moderate anaemia prior to conception benefited most from nutrition interventions: a secondary analysis of the Women First preconception maternal nutrition trial.BMJ global health · 2026Trial
- Hemoglobin During Pregnancy Does Not Mediate the Relationship between Nutrition Supplements and Intrauterine Growth: A Secondary Data Analysis of Women First Preconception Nutrition Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Anthropometric and sociodemographic variables, but not preconception or prenatal maternal nutrition supplementation, predict neurodevelopment in offspring of the 'Women First' trial.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Trial
- Zinc Supplementation Initiated Prior to or During Pregnancy Modestly Impacted Maternal Status and High Prevalence of Hypozincemia in Pregnancy and Lactation: The Women First Preconception Maternal Nutrition Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Neurodevelopment, vision and auditory outcomes at age 2 years in offspring of participants in the 'Women First' maternal preconception nutrition randomised controlled trial.Archives of disease in childhood · 2023Trial
- Improved first trimester maternal iodine status with preconception supplementation: The Women First Trial.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Trial
- Use of Smokeless Tobacco Before Conception and Its Relationship With Maternal and Fetal Outcomes of Pregnancy in Thatta, Pakistan: Findings From Women First Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Trial
- Growth from Birth Through Six Months for Infants of Mothers in the "Women First" Preconception Maternal Nutrition Trial.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Trial
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- Maternal Characteristics Affect Fetal Growth Response in the Women First Preconception Nutrition Trial.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- A multicountry randomized controlled trial of comprehensive maternal nutrition supplementation initiated before conception: the Women First trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Trial
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- Impact of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplement on hemoglobin, iron status and biomarkers of inflammation in pregnant Ghanaian women.Maternal & child nutrition · 2017Trial
- A multicountry, multicenter report to identify nutritional risks in female populations using the FIGO Nutrition Checklist.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResearch directed to optimizing maternal nutrition commencing prior to conception remains very limited, despite suggestive evidence of its importance in addition to ensuring an optimal nutrition environment in the periconceptional period and throughout the first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS/STUDY
designThis is an individually randomized controlled trial of the impact on birth length (primary outcome) of the time at which a maternal nutrition intervention is commenced: Arm 1: ≥ 3 mo preconception vs. Arm 2: 12-14 wk gestation vs. Arm 3: none.192 (derived from 480) randomized mothers and living offspring in each arm in each of four research sites (Guatemala, India, Pakistan, Democratic Republic of the Congo). The intervention is a daily 20 g lipid-based (118 kcal) multi-micronutient (MMN) supplement. Women randomized to receive this intervention with body mass index (BMI) <20 or whose gestational weight gain is low will receive an additional 300 kcal/d as a balanced energy-protein supplement. Researchers will visit homes biweekly to deliver intervention and monitor compliance, pregnancy status and morbidity; ensure prenatal and delivery care; and promote breast feeding. The primary outcome is birth length. Secondary outcomes include: fetal length at 12 and 34 wk; incidence of low birth weight (LBW); neonatal/infant anthropometry 0-6 mo of age; infectious disease morbidity; maternal, fetal, newborn, and infant epigenetics; maternal and infant nutritional status; maternal and infant microbiome; gut inflammatory biomarkers and bioactive and nutritive compounds in breast milk. The primary analysis will compare birth Length-for-Age Z-score (LAZ) among trial arms (independently for each site, estimated effect size: 0.35). Additional statistical analyses will examine the secondary outcomes and a pooled analysis of data from all sites. DISCUSSION: Positive results of this trial will support a paradigm shift in attention to nutrition of all females of child-bearing age.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01883193.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.