ArticleHIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.)2014
Clinical characteristics and outcomes in 303 HIV-infected patients with invasive fungal infections: data from the Prospective Antifungal Therapy Alliance registry, a multicenter, observational study.
Article in HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of echinocandins versus triazoles for the prophylaxis and treatment of fungal infections: a meta-analysis of RCTs.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2015Pooled it
- Radiological features of chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis: Easily mistaken for tuberculosis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Review
- CT imaging of HIV-associated pulmonary disorders in COVID-19 pandemic.Clinical imaging · 2023Review
- Quantifying Deaths from Aspergillosis in HIV Positive People.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Surveillance for Coccidioidomycosis, Histoplasmosis, and Blastomycosis - United States, 2019.Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002) · 2022Article
- DectiSomes: Glycan Targeting of Liposomal Drugs Improves the Treatment of Disseminated Candidiasis.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- HIV-infected patients rarely develop invasive fungal diseases under good immune reconstitution after ART regardless high prevalence of pathogenic filamentous fungi carriage in nasopharynx/oropharynx.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Occupational Histoplasmosis: Epidemiology and Prevention Measures.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Efficacy of different formulations of nystatin in an experimental model of oral candidiasis in sialoadenectomized rats.Journal of dental sciences · 2021Article
- Histoplasmosis-related Healthcare Use, Diagnosis, and Treatment in a Commercially Insured Population, United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- HIV-Associated Histoplasmosis: Current Perspectives.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Review
- Central Nervous System Infection withJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- HIV-Related Skin Disease in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy: Recognition and Management.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2019Review
- Characterisation of an ABC transporter of a resistant Candida glabrata clinical isolate.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2018Article
- Coinfection with Lichtheimia corymbifera and Aspergillus flavus in an Immune-Competent Patient Mimicking as Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome.Mycopathologia · 2017Article
- The CD4European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2017Article
- Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between Isavuconazole and a Fixed-Dose Combination of Lopinavir 400 mg/Ritonavir 100 mg in Healthy Subjects.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2017Article
- InvasiveOpen forum infectious diseases · 2016Review
- Enhanced virulence of Histoplasma capsulatum through transfer and surface incorporation of glycans from Cryptococcus neoformans during co-infection.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Adoptive T-cell therapy for fungal infections in haematology patients.Clinical & translational immunology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This analysis aimed to characterize the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Data were examined for HIV patients enrolled in the Prospective Antifungal Therapy (PATH) Alliance registry, a multicenter, observational study of patients with IFIs in North America from 2004 to 2008. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, antifungal therapies, and survival were assessed. In total, 320 fungal isolates were identified from 303 HIV patients with IFIs in the PATH Alliance® registry. These included Cryptococcus (50.0%), Candida (33.1%), Histoplasma (9.1%), and Aspergillus (4.4%). Candida infection occurred mainly as candidemia (86.0%); Cryptococcus as central nervous system infection (76.7%); Histoplasma as disseminated infection (74.1%); and Aspergillus as pulmonary infection (81.8%). The CD4 cell count was ≤200 cells/μL in 91.2% of patients with available data. The majority of patients with Cryptococcus (77.9%), Histoplasma (100.0%), and Aspergillus (71.4%) infections had CD4 cell counts <50 cells/μL compared with 48.9% of patients with Candida infections. Patients with candidiasis were more likely to have other conditions requiring medical services compared with patients with other IFIs. Survival probability was lower in patients with Aspergillus (0.58) and Candida (0.59) infection than in patients with Histoplasma (0.84) and Cryptococcus (0.81) infection. In the highly active antiretroviral therapy era, traditional opportunistic IFIs such as cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis still mainly occur in HIV patients with CD4 counts <50 cells/μL. Fungal infections remain a clinical challenge in HIV patients with severe immunosuppression. Our data also suggest that HIV patients with CD4 cell counts >200 cells/μL and other underlying conditions may be susceptible to invasive candidiasis.
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