Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24648734›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2014

Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of recombinant tuberculosis vaccine antigen with anionic liposomes reveals formation of flattened liposomes.

Christopher B Fox, Sean K Mulligan, Joyce Sung, Quinton M Dowling, H W Millie Fung, Thomas S Vedvick, Rhea N Coler

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Christopher B FoxInfectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
Sean K MulliganNanoImaging Services, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Joyce SungNanoImaging Services, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Quinton M DowlingInfectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
H W Millie FungInfectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
Thomas S VedvickInfectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
Rhea N ColerInfectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
Infectious Disease Research Institute · USNanoImaging Services · US

Funding

NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272200800045C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Development of lipid-based adjuvant formulations to enhance the immunogenicity of recombinant vaccine antigens is a focus of modern vaccine research. Characterizing interactions between vaccine antigens and formulation excipients is important for establishing compatibility between the different components and optimizing vaccine stability and potency. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a highly informative analytical technique that may elucidate various aspects of protein- and lipid-based structures, including morphology, size, shape, and phase structure, while avoiding artifacts associated with staining-based TEM. In this work, cryogenic TEM is employed to characterize a recombinant tuberculosis vaccine antigen, an anionic liposome formulation, and antigen-liposome interactions. By performing three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction analysis, the formation of a population of protein-containing flattened liposomes, not present in the control samples, was detected. It is shown that cryogenic TEM provides unique information regarding antigen-liposome interactions not detectable by light-scattering-based methods. Employing a suite of complementary analytical techniques is important to fully characterize interactions between vaccine components.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsAntigens, BacterialCryoelectron MicroscopyHumansImaging, Three-DimensionalLiposomesNanomedicineNanoparticlesParticle SizeTuberculosis VaccinesVaccines, SyntheticAdjuvants, ImmunologicAntigens, BacterialLiposomesTuberculosis VaccinesVaccines, Synthetic3D tomographic reconstructionantigen-adjuvant interactionscryo-TEMvaccine adjuvantvaccine formulation morphologyvaccine physical characterization

Identifiers

PMID24648734
PMCPMC3956628
OpenAlexW2019850764

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.