ArticleBrain structure & function2015
The Lhx9 homeobox gene controls pineal gland development and prevents postnatal hydrocephalus.
Article in Brain structure & function, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- A tumor-associated photoreceptor signature unifies distinct central nervous system malignancies.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- The Chronological Trigger: The Orchestra Between Homeobox Genes and the Circadian Clock During Development.Biology of the cell · 2025Review
- An imbalance between proliferation and differentiation underlies the development of microRNA-defective pineoblastoma.Genes & development · 2025Article
- Article
- Evo-devo applied to sleep research: an approach whose time has come.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2024Review
- Research Progress in Function and Regulation of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase SMURF1.Current medical science · 2023Review
- Vision and retina evolution: How to develop a retina.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2022Article
- Characterization of Alternative Splicing (AS) Events during Chicken (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Resource: A multi-species multi-timepoint transcriptome database and webpage for the pineal gland and retina.Journal of pineal research · 2020Article
- Impaired folate 1-carbon metabolism causes formate-preventable hydrocephalus in glycine decarboxylase-deficient mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Circadian regulation and molecular role of the Bsx homeobox gene in the adult pineal gland.Journal of pineal research · 2020Article
- Neurodevelopmental impairment induced by prenatal valproic acid exposure shown with the human cortical organoid-on-a-chip model.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2020Article
- The Lhx4 homeobox transcript in the rat pineal gland: Adrenergic regulation and impact on transcripts encoding melatonin-synthesizing enzymes.Journal of pineal research · 2020Article
- FGF-inducedCell division · 2019Article
- Single Cell Sequencing of the Pineal Gland: The Next Chapter.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Dynamic Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Long Non-coding RNAs Governing Postnatal Pineal Development in Pig.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Article
- Does Prenatal Stress Shape Postnatal Resilience? - An Epigenome-Wide Study on Violence and Mental Health in Humans.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Article
- Exome-Wide Rare Variant Analyses in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.The Journal of pediatrics · 2018Article
- The origins of the circumventricular organs.Journal of anatomy · 2018Review
- The Molecular Mechanism Underlying Pro-apoptotic Role of Hemocytes Specific Transcriptional Factor Lhx9 inFrontiers in physiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Lhx9 is a member of the LIM homeobox gene family. It is expressed during mammalian embryogenesis in the brain including the pineal gland. Deletion of Lhx9 results in sterility due to failure of gonadal development. The current study was initiated to investigate Lhx9 biology in the pineal gland. Lhx9 is highly expressed in the developing pineal gland of the rat with transcript abundance peaking early in development; transcript levels decrease postnatally to nearly undetectable levels in the adult, a temporal pattern that is generally similar to that reported for Lhx9 expression in other brain regions. Studies with C57BL/6J Lhx9(-/-) mutant mice revealed marked alterations in brain and pineal development. Specifically, the superficial pineal gland is hypoplastic, being reduced to a small cluster of pinealocytes surrounded by meningeal and vascular tissue. The deep pineal gland and the pineal stalk are also reduced in size. Although the brains of neonatal Lhx9(-/-) mutant mice appear normal, severe hydrocephalus develops in about 70% of the Lhx9(-/-) mice at 5-8 weeks of age; these observations are the first to document that deletion of Lhx9 results in hydrocephalus and as such indicate that Lhx9 contributes to the maintenance of normal brain structure. Whereas hydrocephalus is absent in neonatal Lhx9(-/-)mutant mice, the neonatal pineal gland in these animals is hypoplastic. Accordingly, it appears that Lhx9 is essential for early development of the mammalian pineal gland and that this effect is not secondary to hydrocephalus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.