ArticleMedicine2014
Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia: clinical and immunologic characteristics and follow-up of 40 patients.
Article in Medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Hitchhiker Guide to CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Nocardiosis Associated with Primary Immunodeficiencies (Nocar-DIP): an International Retrospective Study and Literature Review.Journal of clinical immunology · 2020Pooled it
- Reappraisal of Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia at 30 Years.The New England journal of medicine · 2023Trial
- Administration of interleukin-7 increases CD4 T cells in idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia.Blood · 2016Trial
- Tuberculosis in the Context of Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia: A Case Report and Literature Review.The American journal of case reports · 2026Review
- Disseminated Nocardiosis in Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia: A Rare Case and Literature Review.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Review
- Disseminated Skeletal Cryptococcosis: A Case Report.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in people with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Severe cytopenia during adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer in a patient with idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia.Oncology letters · 2023Article
- Autoantibodies in immunodeficiency syndromes: The Janus faces of immune dysregulation.Blood reviews · 2022Review
- Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia an underdiagnosed combination - a case report.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2022Article
- Preserved Mucosal-Associated Invariant T-Cell Numbers and Function in Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Observational
- Combined immunodeficiency (CVID and CD4 lymphopenia) is associated with a high risk of malignancy among adults with primary immune deficiencyClinical and experimental immunology · 2021Article
- Characterization of Infants with Idiopathic Transient and Persistent T Cell Lymphopenia Identified by Newborn Screening-a Single-Center Experience in New York State.Journal of clinical immunology · 2021Article
- Beyond the Absence of CD4 T-Cell Count: A Novel Genetic CD4 T-Cell Deficiency Disorder With a Contingency Plan.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Frequent platelet donation is associated with lymphopenia and risk of infections: A nationwide cohort study.Transfusion · 2021Article
- Idiopathic CD4 T Cell Lymphocytopenia: A Case of Overexpression of PD-1/PDL-1 and CTLA-4.Infectious disease reports · 2021Article
- Prevalence and pathogenicity of autoantibodies in patients with idiopathic CD4 lymphopenia.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia: Current Insights.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Idiopathic CD4 T lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare and severe condition with limited available data. We conducted a French multicenter study to analyze the clinical and immunologic characteristics of a cohort of patients with ICL according to the Centers for Disease Control criteria.We recruited 40 patients (24 female) of mean age 44.2 ± 12.2 (19-70) years. Patients underwent T-lymphocyte phenotyping and lymphoproliferation assay at diagnosis, and experiments related to thymic function and interferon (IFN)-γ release by natural killer (NK) cell were performed. Mean follow-up was 6.9 ± 6.7 (0.14-24.3) years. Infectious, autoimmune, and neoplastic events were recorded, as were outcomes of interleukin 2 therapy.In all, 25 patients had opportunistic infections (12 with human papillomavirus infection), 14 had autoimmune symptoms, 5 had malignancies, and 8 had mild or no symptoms. At the time of diagnosis, the mean cell counts were as follows: mean CD4 cell count: 127/mm (range, 4-294); mean CD8: 236/mm (range, 1-1293); mean CD19: 113/mm (range, 3-547); and mean NK cell count: 122/mm (range, 5-416). Most patients had deficiency in CD8, CD19, and/or NK cells. Cytotoxic function of NK cells was normal, and patients with infections had a significantly lower NK cell count than those without (p = 0.01). Patients with autoimmune manifestations had increased CD8 T-cell count. Proliferation of thymic precursors, as assessed by T-cell rearrangement excision circles, was increased. Six patients died (15%). CD4 T-cell count <150/mm and NK cell count <100/mm were predictors of death.In conclusion, ICL is a heterogeneous disorder often associated with deficiencies in CD8, CD19, and/or NK cells. Long-term prognosis may be related to initial CD4 and NK cell deficiency.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.