ArticleCancer cell international2014
Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in primary gliomas and breast cancer brain metastases.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Radioligand therapy for primary brain tumors: a PRISMA-based systematic review of meningiomas and gliomas.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen as Target for Neuroimaging of Central Nervous System Tumors.Molecular imaging · 2022Pooled it
- Potential of Radiolabeled PSMA PET/CT or PET/MRI Diagnostic Procedures in Gliomas/Glioblastomas.Current radiopharmaceuticals · 2020Pooled it
- PSMA-Targeted Theranostics in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cutting-edge approaches in pet imaging for gliomas: current applications for neurooncologists and the path to theranostic breakthroughs.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Review
- Bimodal Fluorescent Conjugate Based on Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Ligands with the Chelating Agent DOTA and SulfoCy5 Dye: Synthesis, Radiolabeling, and Biological Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Prostate‑specific membrane antigen: Molecular functions and emerging roles as a therapeutic target (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Dosimetric analysis reveals rapid clearance and low absorbed dose of [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 in non-prostate cancers with high PSMA expression.EJNMMI research · 2026Article
- Prostate-specific membrane antigen in malignant brain tumors: vascular heterogeneity, imaging promise, and therapeutic challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- PSMA PET/CT improves precision diagnosis, treatment, and clinical decision-making in prostate cancer.American journal of translational research · 2026Review
- PSMA expression in hepatic colorectal cancer metastasis.Journal of pathology and translational medicine · 2026Article
- Is 18F-PSMA PET/CT a reliable imaging modality to evaluate the status of recurrent/residual brain tumors in post-treatment patients?Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Advances in clinical neuro-oncology research on integrin PET imaging.EJNMMI reports · 2025Review
- Article
- Sensitizing solid tumors to CAR-mediated cytotoxicity by lipid nanoparticle delivery of synthetic antigens.Nature cancer · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Potential of PSMA Targeting in CNS Tumors: Insights from Large-Scale Transcriptome Profiling.Cancers · 2025Article
- Article
- Imply on diagnosis and early prognosis of preoperative [Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Vascularized tumor on a microfluidic chip to study mechanisms promoting tumor neovascularization and vascular targeted therapies.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen Expression in a Syngeneic Breast Cancer Mouse Model.Molecular imaging and biology · 2024Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrimary and secondary brain cancers are highly treatment resistant, and their marked angiogenesis attracts interest as a potential therapeutic target. Recent observations reveal that the microvascular endothelium of primary high-grade gliomas expresses prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Breast cancers express PSMA and they frequently form secondary brain tumors. Hence we report here our pilot study addressing the feasibility of PSMA targeting in brain and metastatic breast tumors, by examining PSMA levels in all glioma grades (19 patients) and in breast cancer brain metastases (5 patients).
methodsTumor specimens were acquired from archival material and normal brain tissues from autopsies. Tissue were stained and probed for PSMA, and the expression levels imaged and quantified using automated hardware and software. PSMA staining intensities of glioma subtypes, breast tumors, and breast tumor brain metastases were compared statistically versus normals.
resultsNormal brain microvessels (4 autopsies) did not stain for PSMA, while a small proportion (<5%) of healthy neurons stained, and were surrounded by an intact blood brain barrier. Tumor microvessels of the highly angiogenic grade IV gliomas showed intense PSMA staining which varied between patients and was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than normal brain. Grade I gliomas showed moderate vessel staining, while grade II and III gliomas had no vessel staining, but a few (<2%) of the tumor cells stained. Both primary breast cancer tissues and the associated brain metastases exhibited vascular PSMA staining, although the intensity of staining was generally less for the metastatic lesions.
conclusionsOur results align with and extend previous data showing PSMA expression in blood vessels of gliomas and breast cancer brain metastases. These results provide a rationale for more comprehensive studies to explore PSMA targeted agents for treating secondary brain tumors with PSMA expressing vasculature. Moreover, given that PSMA participates in angiogenesis, cell signaling, tumor survival, and invasion, characterizing its expression may help guide later investigations of the poorly understood process of low grade glioma progression to glioblastoma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.