ArticleJundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products2014
Effects of various penetration enhancers on penetration of aminophylline through shed snake skin.
Article in Jundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Solubility-Permeability-Matrix Interplay in Percutaneous Absorption Exemplified by Theophylline.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Article
- Green/red fluorescent protein disrupting drugs for real-time permeability tracking in three-dimensional tumor spheroids.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2025Article
- Topical Delivery Systems for Plant-Derived Antimicrobial Agents: A Review of Current Advances.International journal of biomaterials · 2025Review
- Influence of Bile Acids on Clindamycin Hydrochloride Skin Permeability: In Vitro and In Silico Preliminary Study.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2024Article
- Article
- Absorption-Enhancing Effects of Bile Salts.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCellulite is the accumulation of subcutaneous fat and connective tissue in tights and buttocks. Xanthines, such as aminophylline, are used as phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and are also adenosine receptor antagonists.
objectivesThe aim of the present study was to characterize in vitro aminophylline transdermal absorption through shed snake skin, and to investigate the absorption enhancing effect of various enhancers. MATERIALS AND
methodsAminophylline gels were prepared using theophylline and ethylenediamine as raw materials of aminophylline, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) F4M as gelling agent, and propylene glycol as a co-solvent. Sodium tauroglycocholate (STGC) (100, 200, and 500 μg/mL), lauric acid (1.7 and 15%), and ethanol (60%) were added as enhancers. In vitro percutaneous absorption experiments were performed on snake skin using Franz diffusion cells. Flux (J), permeability coefficient (P), and enhancement factor (EF) for each formulation were calculated.
resultsThe results indicated that all of enhancers significantly enhanced drug permeability. This effect was decreased by increasing the concentration of STGC; in contrast, by increasing the concentration of lauric acid from 1.7 to 15%, EF was enhanced Although ethanol (60%) and STGC (100 μg/mL) showed the highest EFs, the effect of ethanol on drug permeability appeared with a lag time.
conclusionsAccording to the findings, type and concentration of penetration enhancers can effect on transdermal permeation of drug.
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