ReviewInternational journal of biological sciences2014
The soldiers in societies: defense, regulation, and evolution.
Review in International journal of biological sciences, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Meta-Analysis of Public RNA Sequencing Data Revealed Potential Key Genes Associated with Reproductive Division of Labor in Social Hymenoptera and Termites.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Genome-Wide Identification of Transcriptional Start Sites and Candidate Enhancers Regulating Worker Metamorphosis inInsects · 2026Article
- Secretions of the Frontal Gland of a Nasute Termite Soldier: The Role in the Defense against an Entomopathogenic Fungi.Journal of chemical ecology · 2025Article
- Article
- Prostaglandin A3 regulates the colony development ofCrop health · 2024Article
- Influence of Soldiers on Exploratory Foraging Behavior in the Formosan Subterranean Termite,Insects · 2023Article
- Positive geographic correlation between soldiers' weapon size and defensive prowess in a eusocial aphid, Ceratovacuna japonica.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Molecular characterization and expression variation of the odorant receptor co-receptor in the Formosan subterranean termite.PloS one · 2022Article
- A High Soldier Proportion Encouraged the Greater Antifungal Immunity in a Subterranean Termite.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- The weird eusociality of polyembryonic parasites.Biology letters · 2021Article
- Reproductive Soldier Development Is Controlled by Direct Physical Interactions with Reproductive and Soldier Termites.Insects · 2021Article
- Article
- Trait evolution is reversible, repeatable, and decoupled in the soldier caste of turtle ants.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Transcriptomic changes during caste development through social interactions in the termiteEcology and evolution · 2019Article
- A lipocalin protein, Neural Lazarillo, is key to social interactions that promote termite soldier differentiation.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2018Article
- Sex-specific inhibition and stimulation of worker-reproductive transition in a termite.Die Naturwissenschaften · 2017Article
- Chemical alarm in the termite Termitogeton planus (Rhinotermitidae).Journal of chemical ecology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The presence of reproductively altruistic castes is one of the primary traits of the eusocial societies. Adaptation and regulation of the sterile caste, to a certain extent, drives the evolution of eusociality. Depending on adaptive functions of the first evolved sterile caste, eusocial societies can be categorized into the worker-first and soldier-first lineages, respectively. The former is marked by a worker caste as the first evolved altruistic caste, whose primary function is housekeeping, and the latter is highlighted by a sterile soldier caste as the first evolved altruistic caste, whose task is predominantly colony defense. The apparent functional differences between these two fundamentally important castes suggest worker-first and soldier-first eusociality are potentially driven by a suite of distinctively different factors. Current studies of eusocial evolution have been focused largely on the worker-first Hymenoptera, whereas understanding of soldier-first lineages including termites, eusocial aphids, gall-dwelling thrips, and snapping shrimp, is greatly lacking. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on biology, morphology, adaptive functions, and caste regulation of the soldier caste. In addition, we discuss the biological, ecological and genetic factors that might contribute to the evolution of distinct caste systems within eusocial lineages.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.