ArticlePLoS biology2014
Live cell imaging unveils multiple domain requirements for in vivo dimerization of the glucocorticoid receptor.
Article in PLoS biology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Myeloid Cells Orchestrates Inflammation Resolution and Muscle Repair.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Noninvasive methods to monitor dynamic single-cell events.Trends in cell biology · 2026Review
- Mapping Protein Diffusion from the Plasma Membrane to the Nucleus: Insights from Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor heterodimers mediate cortisol-induced behavioural changes via modulation of glutamatergic signalling.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- The multimerization pathway of the glucocorticoid receptor.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Hallmarks of glucocorticoid receptor condensates involvement in transcription regulation.iScience · 2025Article
- Celebrating 50 years of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS): Advancing live-cell massively parallel FCS studies with photostable GFPs, mStayGold and StayGold/E138D.Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects · 2025Article
- Bile acids target an exposed cavity in the glucocorticoid receptor modulating receptor self-assembly, chromatin binding and transcriptional activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Glucocorticoid Receptor: Isoforms, Functions, and Contribution to Glucocorticoid Sensitivity.Endocrine reviews · 2024Review
- The mineralocorticoid receptor forms higher order oligomers upon DNA binding.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024Article
- Treating the Side Effects of Exogenous Glucocorticoids; Can We Separate the Good From the Bad?Endocrine reviews · 2023Review
- Phase-shifting the circadian glucocorticoid profile induces disordered feeding behaviour by dysregulating hypothalamic neuropeptide gene expression.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Review
- Quaternary glucocorticoid receptor structure highlights allosteric interdomain communication.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2023Article
- The multivalency of the glucocorticoid receptor ligand-binding domain explains its manifold physiological activities.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor mirodenafil ameliorates Alzheimer-like pathology and symptoms by multimodal actions.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Dimerization of the Glucocorticoid Receptor and Its Importance in (Patho)physiology: A Primer.Cells · 2022Review
- Choosing the right partner in hormone-dependent gene regulation: Glucocorticoid and progesterone receptors crosstalk in breast cancer cells.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- A dominant-negative SOX18 mutant disrupts multiple regulatory layers essential to transcription factor activity.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Structural insights into glucocorticoid receptor function.Biochemical Society transactions · 2021Review
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are essential for life, but are also implicated in disease pathogenesis and may produce unwanted effects when given in high doses. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transcriptional activity and clinical outcome have been linked to its oligomerization state. Although a point mutation within the GR DNA-binding domain (GRdim mutant) has been reported as crucial for receptor dimerization and DNA binding, this assumption has recently been challenged. Here we have analyzed the GR oligomerization state in vivo using the number and brightness assay. Our results suggest a complete, reversible, and DNA-independent ligand-induced model for GR dimerization. We demonstrate that the GRdim forms dimers in vivo whereas adding another mutation in the ligand-binding domain (I634A) severely compromises homodimer formation. Contrary to dogma, no correlation between the GR monomeric/dimeric state and transcriptional activity was observed. Finally, the state of dimerization affected DNA binding only to a subset of GR binding sites. These results have major implications on future searches for therapeutic glucocorticoids with reduced side effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.