ArticlePloS one2014
Economic impact of adverse drug events--a retrospective population-based cohort study of 4970 adults.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Pharmacovigilance Systems in Developing Countries Using the WHO Pharmacovigilance Indicators.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2022Pooled it
- Does drug dispensing improve the health outcomes of patients attending community pharmacies? A systematic review.BMC health services research · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Prevalence and impact of prescribing cascades in community-dwelling adults: Longitudinal analysis of the Irish longitudinal study on ageing (TILDA).British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Opportunities and Challenges of Population Pharmacogenomics.Annals of human genetics · 2025Review
- APF2: an improved ensemble method for pharmacogenomic variant effect prediction.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2024Article
- Evaluating the costs of adverse drug events in hospitalized patients: a systematic review.Health economics review · 2024Review
- Specific features of rational pharmacotherapy in elderly patients.European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice · 2023Article
- Adverse drug reactions and associated patient characteristics in older community-dwelling adults: a 6-year prospective cohort study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
- Awareness, Actions, and Predictors of Actions on Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting among Patients Attending a Referral Hospital in Southern Highland Tanzania.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2023Article
- Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting: Healthcare Providers' Experiences from Southern Highland Tanzania.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2023Article
- Polypharmacy Pattern in Iran: A Comprehensive Analysis of a Large Prescription Database.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2022Article
- Communication about medication management during patient-physician consultations in primary care: a participant observation study.BMJ open · 2022Observational
- Evaluation of Factors Associated with Adverse Drug Events in South Korea Using a Population-Based Database.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Healthcare costs of adverse drug reactions and potentially inappropriate prescribing in older adults: a population-based study.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Costs Associated with Adverse Drug Reactions Among HIV/TB Patients in Thailand.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2022Article
- Pharmacist medication review: An integrated team approach to serve home-based primary care patients.PloS one · 2021Review
- The use of pharmacogenetics to increase the safety of colorectal cancer patients treated with fluoropyrimidines.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2019Review
- Healthcare professionals' pharmacovigilance knowledge and adverse drug reaction reporting behavior and factors determining the reporting rates.Journal of drug assessment · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim was to estimate the direct costs caused by ADEs, including costs for dispensed drugs, primary care, other outpatient care, and inpatient care, and to relate the direct costs caused by ADEs to the societal COI (direct and indirect costs), for patients with ADEs and for the entire study population.
methodsWe conducted a population-based observational retrospective cohort study of ADEs identified from medical records. From a random sample of 5025 adults in a Swedish county council, 4970 were included in the analyses. During a three-month study period in 2008, direct and indirect costs were estimated from resource use identified in the medical records and from register data on costs for resource use.
resultsAmong 596 patients with ADEs, the average direct costs per patient caused by ADEs were USD 444.9 [95% CI: 264.4 to 625.3], corresponding to USD 21 million per 100 000 adult inhabitants per year. Inpatient care accounted for 53.9% of all direct costs caused by ADEs. For patients with ADEs, the average societal cost of illness was USD 6235.0 [5442.8 to 7027.2], of which direct costs were USD 2830.1 [2260.7 to 3399.4] (45%), and indirect costs USD 3404.9 [2899.3 to 3910.4] (55%). The societal cost of illness was higher for patients with ADEs compared to other patients. ADEs caused 9.5% of all direct healthcare costs in the study population.
conclusionsHealthcare costs for patients with ADEs are substantial across different settings; in primary care, other outpatient care and inpatient care. Hence the economic impact of ADEs will be underestimated in studies focusing on inpatient ADEs alone. Moreover, the high proportion of indirect costs in the societal COI for patients with ADEs suggests that the observed costs caused by ADEs would be even higher if including indirect costs. Additional studies are needed to identify interventions to prevent and manage ADEs.
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