Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24633488›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2014

Creatine supplementation post-exercise does not enhance training-induced adaptations in middle to older aged males.

Matthew B Cooke, Brian Brabham, Thomas W Buford, Brian D Shelmadine, Matthew McPheeters, Geoffrey M Hudson, Christos Stathis, Mike Greenwood, Richard Kreider, Darryn S Willoughby

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Nutrition and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia: systematic review.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017
    Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Does creatine cause hair loss? A 12-week randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025
    Trial
  9. Impact of creatine supplementation and exercise training in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
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  16. [Doping with illegal and legal substances in old age].Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2018
    Review
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  18. Article
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Matthew B CookeCollege of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, 8001, Australia, matt.cooke@vu.edu.au.
Brian Brabham
Thomas W Buford
Brian D Shelmadine
Matthew McPheeters
Geoffrey M Hudson
Christos Stathis
Mike Greenwood
Richard Kreider
Darryn S Willoughby

Funding

University of Florida Older Americans Independence Center (OAIC)P30AG028740 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI CHRISTIAAN LEEUWENBURGH · 2007 to 2026
$22.8M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG028740
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe present study evaluated the effects of creatine monohydrate (CrM) consumption post-exercise on body composition and muscle strength in middle to older males following a 12-week resistance training program.

methodsIn a double-blind, randomized trial, 20 males aged between 55 and 70 years were randomly assigned to consume either CrM-carbohydrate (CHO) [20 g days(-1) CrM + 5 g days(-1) CHO × 7 days, then 0.1 g kg(-1) CrM + 5 g CHO on training days (average dosage of ~8.8 g)] or placebo CHO (20 g days(-1) CHO × 7 days, then 5 g CHO on training days) while participating in a high intensity resistance training program [3 sets × 10 repetitions at 75% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM)], 3 days weeks(-1) for 12 weeks. Following the initial 7-day "loading" phase, participants were instructed to ingest their supplement within 60 min post-exercise. Body composition and muscle strength measurements, blood collection and vastus lateralis muscle biopsy were completed at 0, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of the supplement and resistance training program.

resultsA significant time effect was observed for 1RM bench press (p = 0.016), leg press (p = 0.012), body mass (p = 0.03), fat-free mass (p = 0.005) and total myofibrillar protein (p = 0.005). A trend for larger muscle fiber cross-sectional area in the type II fibers compared to type I fibers was observed following the 12-week resistance training (p = 0.08). No supplement interaction effects were observed.

conclusionPost-exercise ingestion of creatine monohydrate does not provide greater enhancement of body composition and muscle strength compared to resistance training alone in middle to older males.

Indexed as

Resistance TrainingAdaptation, PhysiologicalAgedCreatineDietary SupplementsDouble-Blind MethodHumansMaleMiddle AgedMuscle, SkeletalMuscle StrengthCreatine

Identifiers

PMID24633488
PMCPMC4019834

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.