ArticleInternational journal of medical microbiology : IJMM2014
Membrane vesicles of Clostridium perfringens type A strains induce innate and adaptive immunity.
Article in International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic profiling of growth interactions in human gut microbiome species.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Bacterial Membrane Vesicles as Versatile Platforms for Systemic and Mucosal Vaccines.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Lactobacillus johnsonii-derived extracellular vesicles carrying GAPDH protect against ulcerative colitis through modulating macrophage polarization.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Bacterial extracellular vesicles in colorectal cancer: mechanisms, biomarker potential, and therapeutic engineering.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles: An Emerging Concern in the Field of Environmental Contamination-Characterization, Impacts, and Response Strategies.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Opportunities and challenges of bacterial extracellular vesicles in regenerative medicine.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles in bone aging: therapeutic strategies and applications.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2025Review
- Interactions of Gram-Positive Bacterial Membrane Vesicles and Hosts: Updates and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- BACTERIAL EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES IN THE REGULATION OF INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND HOST-MICROBE INTERACTIONS.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2024Review
- Prokaryotic microvesicles Ortholog of eukaryotic extracellular vesicles in biomedical fields.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Membrane Vesicles of Clostridioides difficile and Other Clostridial Species.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Gut Bacteria-derived Membrane Vesicles Induce Colonic Dysplasia by Inducing DNA Damage in Colon Epithelial Cells.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024Article
- Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Host-Microbiota Interactions.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2024Review
- Bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles: endogenous roles, therapeutic potentials and their biomimetics for the treatment and prevention of sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- High productivity of immunostimulatory membrane vesicles ofBioscience of microbiota, food and health · 2024Article
- A novel "prime and pull" strategy mediated by the combination of two dendritic cell-targeting designs induced protective lung tissue-resident memory T cells against H1N1 influenza virus challenge.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory Potential of Fungal Extracellular Vesicles: Insights for Therapeutic Applications.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Composition and functions of bacterial membrane vesicles.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2023Review
- Homologous Sequential Immunization Using Salmonella Oral Administration Followed by an Intranasal Boost with Ferritin-Based Nanoparticles Enhanced the Humoral Immune Response against H1N1 Influenza Virus.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Limosilactobacillus mucosae-derived extracellular vesicles modulates macrophage phenotype and orchestrates gut homeostasis in a diarrheal piglet model.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2023Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vesicle shedding from bacteria is a universal process in most Gram-negative bacteria and a few Gram-positive bacteria. In this report, we isolate extracellular membrane vesicles (MVs) from the supernatants of Gram-positive pathogen Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens). We demonstrated vesicle production in a variety of virulent and nonvirulent type A strains. MVs did not contain alpha-toxin and NetB toxin demonstrated by negative reaction to specific antibody and absence of specific proteins identified by LC-MS/MS. C. perfringens MVs contained DNA components such as 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rRNA), alpha-toxin gene (plc) and the perfringolysin O gene (pfoA) demonstrated by PCR. We also identified a total of 431 proteins in vesicles by 1-D gel separation and LC-MS/MS analysis. In vitro studies demonstrated that vesicles could be internalized into murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells without direct cytotoxicity effects, causing release of inflammation cytokines including granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), which could also be detected in mice injected with MVs through intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. Mice immunized with C. perfringens MVs produced high titer IgG, especially IgG1, antibodies against C. perfringens membrane proteins. However, this kind of antibody could not provide protection in mice following challenge, though it could slightly postpone the time of death. Our results indicate that release of MVs from C. perfringens could provide a previously unknown mechanism to induce release of inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α, these findings may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of C. perfringens infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.