ArticleDigestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver2014
Bile acids permeabilize the blood brain barrier after bile duct ligation in rats via Rac1-dependent mechanisms.
Article in Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 250 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of circulating bile acids and dementia: a systematic review.GeroScience · 2026Pooled it
- Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: a Systematic Review of Mechanistic Insights.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Pooled it
- Bile acid metabolites predict multiple sclerosis progression and supplementation is safe in progressive disease.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Trial
- Effects of Flavonoid-Rich Orange Juice Intervention on Major Depressive Disorder in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Strain-resolved metabolomic chemotyping identifies tryptophan and γ-glutamyl peptides as MGO-AGEs breaking postbiotic compounds for carbonyl stress mitigation.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Delivering the Gut to the Brain: Drug Delivery Strategies for Microbiota-Derived Therapeutics in Depression.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Review
- Circadian gatekeepers of the gut-brain-immune axis: implications for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Covert hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis: implications for early diagnosis and appropriate management.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and offspring neurodevelopment: bile acid-mediated mechanisms and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2026Review
- Microbiota and Alzheimer's disease: mechanistic insights from a multi-organ perspective.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Mechanistic insights into the liver-brain axis during chronic liver disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Gut Dysbiosis and Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Molecular and Biochemical Mechanisms Along the Gut-Brain Axis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Targeting the Gut Microbiota: Mechanistic Investigation of Polyphenol Modulation of the Gut-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Microbiota-derived metabolites and cognitive dysfunction in dialysis patients: mechanisms and targeted therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Interactions of bile acids and gut microbiota modulate neurological health: a comprehensive review on mechanisms and therapeutic potential of dietary phytochemicals.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Gut-Brain Axis and Bile Acid Signaling: Linking Microbial Metabolism to Brain Function and Metabolic Regulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Classifying the risk of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease using serum bile acid profiles and machine learning.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- The Blood-Brain Barrier as an Integration Hub in Alzheimer's Disease: How Microbiota Metabolites Modulate Central Signal Processing.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Review
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe blood brain barrier tightly regulates the passage of molecules into the brain and becomes leaky following obstructive cholestasis. The aim of this study was to determine if increased serum bile acids observed during cholestasis permeabilize the blood brain barrier.
methodsRats underwent bile duct ligation or deoxycholic or chenodeoxycholic acid injections and blood brain barrier permeability assessed. In vitro, the permeability of rat brain microvessel endothelial cell monolayers, the expression and phosphorylation of occludin, ZO-1 and ZO-2 as well as the activity of Rac1 was assessed after treatment with plasma from cholestatic rats, or bile acid treatment, in the presence of a Rac1 inhibitor.
resultsBlood brain barrier permeability was increased in vivo and in vitro following bile duct ligation or treatment with bile acids. Associated with the bile acid-stimulated increase in endothelial cell monolayer permeability was elevated Rac1 activity and increased phosphorylation of occludin. Pretreatment of endothelial cell monolayers with a Rac1 inhibitor prevented the effects of bile acid treatment on occludin phosphorylation and monolayer permeability.
conclusionsThese data suggest that increased circulating serum bile acids may contribute to the increased permeability of the blood brain barrier seen during obstructive cholestasis via disruption of tight junctions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.