SynthesisBMC nephrology2014
Regression methods for investigating risk factors of chronic kidney disease outcomes: the state of the art.
Synthesis in BMC nephrology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Higher habitual protein intake is not linked to decline of iohexol-measured GFR in adults ≥40 years.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Critical insights on post-infectious glomerulonephritis among children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Urinary Dickkopf-3 Predicts GFR Loss in the General Population.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Statistical consideration in nephrology research.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2025Article
- Longitudinal progression trajectory of estimated glomerular filtration rate in children with chronic kidney disease: results from the KNOW-Ped CKD (KoreaN cohort study for Outcomes in patients With Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease).Kidney research and clinical practice · 2025Article
- Metabolomics profiling in multi-ancestral individuals with type 2 diabetes in Singapore identified metabolites associated with renal function decline.Diabetologia · 2025Article
- Association of eGFR and mortality with use of a joint model: results of a nationwide study in Iceland.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2023Article
- Significance of podocyte DNA damage and glomerular DNA methylation in CKD patients with proteinuria.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Article
- Prognosis of chronic kidney disease in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a Northeastern Taiwan community medicine research cohort.Biomedical journal · 2023Article
- Nitric Oxide Precursors and Dimethylarginines as Risk Markers for Accelerated Measured GFR Decline in the General Population.Kidney international reports · 2023Article
- Effect of Adopting the New Race-Free 2021 Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Creatinine Equation on Racial Differences in Kidney Disease Progression Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: An Observational Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Observational
- Urinary excretion of epidermal growth factor and rapid loss of kidney function.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2021Article
- Feasibility of evaluation of the natural history of kidney disease in the general population using electronic healthcare records.Clinical kidney journal · 2021Article
- A Paradigm to Discover Biomarkers Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease Progression.Biomarker insights · 2020Article
- Decline in Kidney Function among Apparently Healthy Young Adults at Risk of Mesoamerican Nephropathy.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2018Article
- Urinary Markers of Oxidative Stress Are Associated With Albuminuria But Not GFR Decline.Kidney international reports · 2018Article
- Outcomes of Kidney Donors over 60 Years Old: A Single-Center Cohort Study.World journal of surgery · 2017Article
- Progression of chronic kidney disease: an illness-death model approach.BMC nephrology · 2017Article
- Blood pressure and age-related GFR decline in the general population.BMC nephrology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive and usually irreversible disease. Different types of outcomes are of interest in the course of CKD such as time-to-dialysis, transplantation or decline of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Statistical analyses aiming at investigating the association between these outcomes and risk factors raise a number of methodological issues. The objective of this study was to give an overview of these issues and to highlight some statistical methods that can address these topics.
methodsA literature review of statistical methods published between 2002 and 2012 to investigate risk factors of CKD outcomes was conducted within the Scopus database. The results of the review were used to identify important methodological issues as well as to discuss solutions for each type of CKD outcome.
resultsThree hundred and four papers were selected. Time-to-event outcomes were more often investigated than quantitative outcome variables measuring kidney function over time. The most frequently investigated events in survival analyses were all-cause death, initiation of kidney replacement therapy, and progression to a specific value of GFR. While competing risks were commonly accounted for, interval censoring was rarely acknowledged when appropriate despite existing methods. When the outcome of interest was the quantitative decline of kidney function over time, standard linear models focussing on the slope of GFR over time were almost as often used as linear mixed models which allow various numbers of repeated measurements of kidney function per patient. Informative dropout was accounted for in some of these longitudinal analyses.
conclusionsThis study provides a broad overview of the statistical methods used in the last ten years for investigating risk factors of CKD progression, as well as a discussion of their limitations. Some existing potential alternatives that have been proposed in the context of CKD or in other contexts are also highlighted.
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