ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2014
Gender-specific risk factors for peripheral artery disease in a voluntary screening population.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoking as a risk factor for lower extremity peripheral artery disease in women compared to men: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Diabetes as a risk factor for incident peripheral arterial disease in women compared to men: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2020Pooled it
- Temporal profiles of blood pressure, circulating nitric oxide, and adrenomedullin as predictors of clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients.Molecular medicine reports · 2016Trial
- Implications of inflammation and sex in lower extremity arterial disease.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Endothelial CEPT1 Promotes Angiogenesis Through PPARα and VEGF-A Signaling.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Article
- Non-Traumatic Lower-Limb Amputations: Outcome, Sex-Differences, Comorbidity Patterns and Temporal Trends from 2006 to 2022.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- View on Metformin: Antidiabetic and Pleiotropic Effects, Pharmacokinetics, Side Effects, and Sex-Related Differences.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Diabetic Vasculopathy: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Pink Tax: Sex and Gender Disparities in Peripheral Artery Disease.US cardiology · 2024Review
- Sex, Endothelial Cell Functions, and Peripheral Artery Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Gender Differences and Amputation Risk in Peripheral Artery Disease-A Single-Center Experience.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Clinical Features of Diabetes Mellitus on Rheumatoid Arthritis: Data from the Cardiovascular Obesity and Rheumatic DISease (CORDIS) Study Group.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Predictors for the Development of Major Adverse Limb Events after Percutaneous Revascularization-Gender-Related Characteristics.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Article
- Risk of Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease with Periodontitis and Dental Scaling: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Comparative Analysis of Endovascular Intervention and Endarterectomy in Patients with Femoral Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Hematology reports · 2022Review
- Sex as a Key Determinant of Peripheral Artery Disease: Epidemiology, Differential Outcomes, and Proposed Biological Mechanisms.The Canadian journal of cardiology · 2022Review
- Sex Differences in Peripheral Artery Disease.Circulation research · 2022Review
- CHAActa Cardiologica Sinica · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWomen have high rates of peripheral artery disease (PAD) despite fewer cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, compared to men. We sought to determine the gender-specific prevalence of low ankle brachial index (ABI) and the relationship to C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and CVD risk factors in the Life Line Screening population. METHODS AND
resultsBetween April 2005 and August 2011, 133 750 women and 71 996 men had ABI and CRP measured at a Life Line Screening Center. Women were slightly older than men, whereas men were more likely to be current smokers, have diabetes mellitus (DM), and coronary artery disease (CAD) (P<0.001 for each). Women were more likely to have ABI≤1.0, compared to men (26.6% versus 14.4%, respectively; P<0.001), as well as ABI≤0.9 (4.1% women versus 2.6% men; P<0.001). Women had higher median CRP levels (1.94 mg/L; interquartile range [IQR], 0.89, 4.44 mg/L), compared to men (1.35 mg/L; IQR, 0.73, 2.80 mg/L; P<0.001). Men and women shared similar risk factors for ABI≤0.9, including older age, black race, smoking, DM, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, CAD, and elevated CRP levels. In an adjusted model, there were significant interactions between gender and age (P<0.001), CRP (P<0.001), CAD (P=0.03), and DM (P=0.06) with ABI as the outcome. The associations between age, CRP, CAD, and DM with ABI≤0.9 were stronger in men than in women.
conclusionsWomen participating in the Life Line Screening had higher CRP levels and a higher prevalence of PAD, compared to men. Neither higher CRP levels nor conventional CVD risk factors explained the excess prevalence of PAD in women.
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Registered trials
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