Trial reportThe American journal of psychiatry2014
Pharmacotherapy and family-focused treatment for adolescents with bipolar I and II disorders: a 2-year randomized trial.
Trial report in The American journal of psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Family-Focused Treatment for Bipolar Adolescents
A Collaborative Treatment Network for Youth With or at High Risk for Bipolar Disorder
Child Bipolar Network Ketogenic Diet Approach to Bipolar Disorder in Adolescents
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Expressed Emotion and Relapse of Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of specialized psychosocial and complex psychosocial interventions for early psychosis, early depression, early bipolar disorder, and early borderline personality disorder.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of treating parental bipolar disorder and schizophrenia on their children's mental health and wellbeing: an empty systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Environmental Risk Factors for Bipolar Disorders and High-Risk States in Adolescence: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Pooled it
- Early Family Intervention for Youth at Risk for Bipolar Disorder: Psychosocial and Neural Mediators of Outcome.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Trial
- Family-focused therapy for individuals at high clinical risk for psychosis: A confirmatory efficacy trial.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Effects of family intervention on psychosocial functioning and mood symptoms of youth at high risk for bipolar disorder.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2022Trial
- Effects of High- versus Low-Intensity Clinician Training on Implementation of Family-Focused Therapy for Youth with Mood and Psychotic Disorders.Family process · 2021Trial
- Development and Open Trial of a Technology-Enhanced Family Intervention for Adolescents at Risk for Mood Disorders.Journal of affective disorders · 2021Trial
- Moody kids years later: Long-term outcomes of youth from the Omega-3 and therapy (OATS) studies.Journal of affective disorders · 2021Trial
- A Randomized Comparison of Two Psychosocial Interventions on Family Functioning in Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder.Family process · 2020Trial
- Randomized controlled trial of family-focused treatment for child depression compared to individual psychotherapy: one-year outcomes.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2020Trial
- Effects of Family-Focused Therapy vs Enhanced Usual Care for Symptomatic Youths at High Risk for Bipolar Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Classifying Mood Symptom Trajectories in Adolescents With Bipolar Disorder.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Early intervention for youth at high risk for bipolar disorder: A multisite randomized trial of family-focused treatment.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2019Trial
- A Pharmacologic Algorithm for Youth Who Are at High Risk for Bipolar Disorder.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Enhancing quality of life among adolescents with bipolar disorder: A randomized trial of two psychosocial interventions.Journal of affective disorders · 2017Trial
- A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Family-Focused Treatment and Individual Supportive Therapy for Depression in Childhood and Early Adolescence.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Accelerated Magnetic Seizure Therapy for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents With Bipolar Depression.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePrevious studies have found that family-focused treatment is an effective adjunct to pharmacotherapy in stabilizing symptoms in adult bipolar disorder. The authors examined whether pharmacotherapy and family-focused treatment for adolescents with bipolar disorder was more effective than pharmacotherapy and brief psychoeducation (enhanced care) in decreasing time to recovery from a mood episode, increasing time to recurrence, and reducing symptom severity over 2 years.
methodA total of 145 adolescents (mean age, 15.6 years) with bipolar I or II disorder and a DSM-IV-TR manic, hypomanic, depressive, or mixed episode in the previous 3 months were randomly assigned, with family members, either to pharmacotherapy and family-focused treatment, consisting of psychoeducation (i.e., recognition and early intervention with prodromal symptoms), communication enhancement training, and problem-solving skills training, delivered in 21 sessions over 9 months; or to pharmacotherapy and three weekly sessions of enhanced care (family psychoeducation). Independent evaluators assessed participants at baseline, every 3 months during year 1, and every 6 months during year 2, using weekly ratings of mood.
resultsTwenty-two participants (15.2%) withdrew shortly after randomization. Time to recovery or recurrence and proportion of weeks ill did not differ between the two treatment groups. Secondary analyses revealed that participants in family-focused treatment had less severe manic symptoms during year 2 than did those in enhanced care.
conclusionsAfter an illness episode, intensive psychotherapy combined with best-practice pharmacotherapy does not appear to confer advantages over brief psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in hastening recovery or delaying recurrence among adolescents with bipolar disorder.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.